The United States vs. Mexico Essay -- essays papers

The United States vs. MexicoAfter an eleven-year war to free itself from Spanish colonial control, Mexico had won but in a understanding lost greatly. In 1821, she had to begin the long struggle to rebuild an economic, social, and political stability for the huge mass it now controlled. This area included present twenty-four hour period Mexico and what is now known as Texas, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, California and part of Colorado.The new republic became submerged in a system of institutionalized disorderthat propelled it from crisis to crisis. thus the process of state-building in nineteenth-century Mexico remained incomplete when the United States confronted the young republic with war in 1846. ( Santoni,p.1)The growing United States colonial elite, in a lam for land had developed an expansionist fever, which grew them greedy for land. For expansion was so rationionalized that it seemed at the outset a right, and soon, long before the famous phrase itself coined, a apparent destiny(Weinberg pg.12). They had killed/ drove millions of native from their lands as a result of this fever. As was a apparent with the actions of Henry Harrison years before the war, his tactics were simple take out them drunk and promise the chiefs annuities if they signed in his heart Harrison believed in the concept that another age would describe as Manifest Destiny (Leckie pg.153)This phrase to which wall painting ideology was the partner of self- interest in the intimate alli...

Free Hamlet Essays: Father and Son in Hamlet :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays

Father and Son in Hamlet   Although they may exhi sting both(prenominal) similar traits, all fathers and sons are individuals. They are, or will become, their own man. This development is based on life experience, which is never the same for any two people. In the case of King and Prince Hamlet, this also holds true.   King Hamlet must have been a good father for his son to be so devoted and unwavering to him. It almost seems that the Prince made an idol of his father. In Prince Hamlets first soliloquy he described his father as an excellent king, a god-like figure and a lovely husband. It is strange that the Prince did not convey information about being a loving father. It is left for us to infer that t present must have been a special bond between father and son for the Prince to be so willing to carry out retribution against his fathers murderer. Hamlet describes his father in this right smart   See, what a grace was seated on his brow/ Hyperions curls, the fron t of Jove himself,/ An eye like Mars, to threaten or command/ A station like the announce Mercury (Act III,scene IV,55-59)   Prince Hamlet feels a great obligation to carry out the direction of the ghost of his father to avenge his fathers death. Here we see a bit of his conflict. Since there doesnt seem to be much description of interaction of King and Prince, it is left to us to decide if Hamlet loved his father or he has agreed to avenge the death of his father due to a sense of filial duty.   After the Prince has killed Polonius, the spirit of King Hamlet re progresss for the 2nd time to the Prince when he is condemning his mother for her misdeeds. It almost seems like the ghost is acting just like most fathers. He seems to be prodding a too boring child. The ghost reminds Hamlet that he has promised to get revenge for the Kings death.   Prince Hamlet does seem to feel conflict in carrying out the charge. When and how to act and how fast are questions that appea r in his mind. What was Prince Hamlet like? In Act III scene 1 (158-162) Ophelia describes him, before his fathers death, as an accomplished man.   O, what a noble mind is here oerthrown/ The courtiers, soldiers scholars eye, tongue, sword/ The expectancy and rose of the fair state,/ The glass of fashion and the mold of form,/ The observd of all observers, quite, quite down

Charles Babbage :: essays research papers

Charles Babb termCharles Babbage may have spent his life in vain, trying to make a workconsidered by most of his friends to be ridiculous. 150 years ago, Babbage drewhundreds of drawings projecting the fundamentals on which todays computers arefounded. But the technology was not there to meet his dreams. He was innate(p) onDecember 26, 1791, in Totnes, Devonshire, England. As a child he was alwaysinterested about the mechanics of everything and in the supernatural. Hereportedly erstwhile tried to prove the existence of the devil by making a circle inhis own blood on the floor and reciting the Lords Prayer backward. In college,he formed a ghost club dedicated to verifying the existence of the supernatural.When in Trinity College in Cambridge, Charles carried out childish pranks andrebelled because of the boredom he felt from knowing more than his instructors.Despite this, however, he was on his way to understanding the advanced theoriesof mathematics and even formed an Analytical S ociety to stand for and discussoriginal papers on mathematics and to interest people in translating the worksof several foreign mathematicians into English. His studies also led him to a captious study of logarithmic tables and was constantly reporting errors in them.During this analysis, it occurred to him that all these tables could becalculated by machinery. He was convinced that it was possible to construct amachine that would be able to compute by successive differences and to evenprint out the results. (He conceived of this 50 years before type-settingmachines or typewriters were invented.)In 1814, the age of 23, Charles unite 22-year-old Georgina Whitmore. Georginawould have eight children in thirteen years, of which only three sons wouldsurvive to maturity. Babbage really took no interest in raising his children.After Georgina died at the age of 35, his mother took over the upbringing. In1816, Babbage had his first taste of failure when his application for theprofessorship of mathematics at East India College in Haileybury was rejecteddue to governmental reasons, as was his application, three years later, for thechair of mathematics at the University of Edinburgh. Fortunately, his elderbrother supported his family while Babbage continued his work on calculatingmachines.At the age of 30, Babbage was ready to announce to the Royal AstronomicalSociety that he had embarked on the construction of a table-calculating machine.His paper, "Observations on the Application of Machinery to the Computation ofMathematical Tables" was astray acclaimed and consequently, Babbage waspresented with the first gold medal awarded by the Astronomical Society.

Embracing Higher Education :: College School Essays

Embracing Higher EducationUniversities are institutions where people can go and receive a higher(prenominal) richer education. Anyone whether young or venerable, female or male, immigrant or national born can earn a college degree. A formal education can be obtained with desire, demand, and craving to do so. The World Book Encyclopedia defines Universities and Colleges as schools where one continues an education after high school. According to the World Book Encyclopedia a university or college education helps men and women enjoy richer, more meaningful lives. If something can give a somebody a richer, more meaningful life, then why isnt everyone running, jumping and rushing to get what the universities and colleges are giving? Each person has a different reason, but for most the reasons are the same repeating over and over again. I do non want to go to college. I can not afford to go to college. I am to old to go to college.The path to a college or a university is not t he way for everyone. The ones who say, I dont want to go to college have legitimate reasons for not attending an institution for higher education. A person can still lead a happy successful life without obtaining a degree. Not plainly can someone lead a happy life without a college degree, but they may also be educated.Gaining a higher education from a university or college is not the only way to enjoy a richer, more meaningful life. Many who have not obtained a college degree, are still successful, happy, and carry through individuals. Receiving a piece of paper, a degree from a university, does not guarantee a person anything, but a degree can be a great boost to say the least. A degree doesnt automatically give anyone happiness, success, money, or a job, but it can help a person obtain their goals and much more.In Jon Spaydes essay Learning In the Key of Life he says that education is gained through first-hand experiences. Spayde explains his definition of education as an education carpentered out of the best combination we can make of school, salon, reading, online exploration, walking the streets, hiking in the woods, museums, poetry classes at the Y, and friendship (62). Anything and everything, which we come in contact with or which comes in contact with us, becomes background that can be classified as an educational experience.

Management Information Systems Essay -- essays research papers

1. full general Motors has several internal and external inclines that are challenging them to reduce their operating follows and become more efficient. In doing an abstract of the General Motors victimization ushers Competitive Model these influences become clear and opportunities for the company to reduce costs and increase efficiency using learning systems becomes obvious. Porters Competitive Model is a model used to describe the interaction of external influences specifically threats and opportunities that affect an organizations strategy and strength to repugn Laudon & Laudon, 2005, p. 103. offset at the center of the model is the current industry, which includes General Motors and their typical competitors, such as, Ford, DaimlerChrystler, and the Japanese Laudon & Laudon, 2005. All of these traditional competitors are able to beget gondolas at a much cheaper cost than General Motors. Looking at the supplier portion of the competitive forces model, part of the reas on General Motors was unable to resurrect cars tattily in comparison to their competitors was that they were producing a lot of their own parts. Their competitors were able to purchase parts from outside vendors at lower prices. General Motors viewed this as an prospect and has since overleap a lot of workers and factories and are currently searching everywhere for the lowest prices on parts. Also General Motors was very slow at producing cars because of aging information systems and overaged processes. A lot of General Motors systems could not communicate with each other, which was causing a major lag in the exertion of automobiles. By integrating these systems they were able to become faster and leaner and were able to increase their customer focus Laudon & Laudon, 2005. In the competitive forces model, General Motors in like manner has influence from recent products and services to reduce costs and increase efficiency. General Motors wants to experiment with new ways to serve their customers, one of which was online shopping, set asideing customer to shop for car models and alter online and vainglorious them dealerships in the area that were currently in possession of the car they preferred. By utilizing the Internet, GM was able to allow for additional services to their customers and allow them to similarly purchase vehicles online. Gen... ...rketing tool, creasees also use the Internet to provide customer service. Instead of having a call center where a customer needs to run out to a animal(prenominal) person they can use the Internet and browse frequently asked questions to get information or answers. They also can send emails to the business and prognosticate a response in little cadence. Using the Internet for customer service allows the customer to be in control and tailors to the customers time schedule. on that point are many benefits in using technology to gain customer information. The most popular is as a marketing course to provide customers with the products that are most popular. Also, it allows them to provide salesman type services without a physical salesperson or customer service representative. This is saving businesses money by cut back the cost of employing this person and is tailoring to the flexibility needs of the ever-demanding consumer.ReferencesLaudon, K.C. & Laudon, J. P. 2005. Essentials of Management Information Systems Managing the Digital Firm. Upper Saddle, NJ Pearson Education Inc. Management Information Systems look for -- essays query papers 1. General Motors has several internal and external influences that are challenging them to reduce their operating costs and become more efficient. In doing an analysis of the General Motors using Porters Competitive Model these influences become clear and opportunities for the company to reduce costs and increase efficiency using information systems becomes obvious. Porters Competitive Model is a model used to describe t he interaction of external influences specifically threats and opportunities that affect an organizations strategy and ability to compete Laudon & Laudon, 2005, p. 103. Starting at the center of the model is the current industry, which includes General Motors and their typical competitors, such as, Ford, DaimlerChrystler, and the Japanese Laudon & Laudon, 2005. All of these traditional competitors are able to produce cars at a much cheaper cost than General Motors. Looking at the supplier portion of the competitive forces model, part of the reason General Motors was unable to produce cars inexpensively in comparison to their competitors was that they were producing a lot of their own parts. Their competitors were able to purchase parts from outside vendors at lower prices. General Motors viewed this as an opportunity and has since shed a lot of workers and factories and are currently searching everywhere for the lowest prices on parts. Also General Motors was very slow at producing cars because of old information systems and outdated processes. A lot of General Motors systems could not communicate with each other, which was causing a major lag in the production of automobiles. By integrating these systems they were able to become faster and leaner and were able to increase their customer focus Laudon & Laudon, 2005. In the competitive forces model, General Motors also has influence from new products and services to reduce costs and increase efficiency. General Motors wants to experiment with new ways to serve their customers, one of which was online shopping, allowing customer to shop for car models and colors online and giving them dealerships in the area that were currently in possession of the car they preferred. By utilizing the Internet, GM was able to provide additional services to their customers and allow them to also purchase vehicles online. Gen... ...rketing tool, businesses also use the Internet to provide customer service. Instead of having a cal l center where a customer needs to talk to a physical person they can use the Internet and browse frequently asked questions to get information or answers. They also can send emails to the business and expect a response in little time. Using the Internet for customer service allows the customer to be in control and tailors to the customers time schedule. There are many benefits in using technology to gain customer information. The most popular is as a marketing function to provide customers with the products that are most popular. Also, it allows them to provide salesman type services without a physical salesperson or customer service representative. This is saving businesses money by reducing the cost of employing this person and is tailoring to the flexibility needs of the ever-demanding consumer.ReferencesLaudon, K.C. & Laudon, J. P. 2005. Essentials of Management Information Systems Managing the Digital Firm. Upper Saddle, NJ Pearson Education Inc. Management Info rmation Systems Essay -- essays research papers 1. General Motors has several internal and external influences that are challenging them to reduce their operating costs and become more efficient. In doing an analysis of the General Motors using Porters Competitive Model these influences become clear and opportunities for the company to reduce costs and increase efficiency using information systems becomes obvious. Porters Competitive Model is a model used to describe the interaction of external influences specifically threats and opportunities that affect an organizations strategy and ability to compete Laudon & Laudon, 2005, p. 103. Starting at the center of the model is the current industry, which includes General Motors and their typical competitors, such as, Ford, DaimlerChrystler, and the Japanese Laudon & Laudon, 2005. All of these traditional competitors are able to produce cars at a much cheaper cost than General Motors. Looking at the supplier portion of the competitive fo rces model, part of the reason General Motors was unable to produce cars inexpensively in comparison to their competitors was that they were producing a lot of their own parts. Their competitors were able to purchase parts from outside vendors at lower prices. General Motors viewed this as an opportunity and has since shed a lot of workers and factories and are currently searching everywhere for the lowest prices on parts. Also General Motors was very slow at producing cars because of old information systems and outdated processes. A lot of General Motors systems could not communicate with each other, which was causing a major lag in the production of automobiles. By integrating these systems they were able to become faster and leaner and were able to increase their customer focus Laudon & Laudon, 2005. In the competitive forces model, General Motors also has influence from new products and services to reduce costs and increase efficiency. General Motors wants to experiment with new ways to serve their customers, one of which was online shopping, allowing customer to shop for car models and colors online and giving them dealerships in the area that were currently in possession of the car they preferred. By utilizing the Internet, GM was able to provide additional services to their customers and allow them to also purchase vehicles online. Gen... ...rketing tool, businesses also use the Internet to provide customer service. Instead of having a call center where a customer needs to talk to a physical person they can use the Internet and browse frequently asked questions to get information or answers. They also can send emails to the business and expect a response in little time. Using the Internet for customer service allows the customer to be in control and tailors to the customers time schedule. There are many benefits in using technology to gain customer information. The most popular is as a marketing function to provide customers with the products that are most popular. Also, it allows them to provide salesman type services without a physical salesperson or customer service representative. This is saving businesses money by reducing the cost of employing this person and is tailoring to the flexibility needs of the ever-demanding consumer.ReferencesLaudon, K.C. & Laudon, J. P. 2005. Essentials of Management Information Systems Managing the Digital Firm. Upper Saddle, NJ Pearson Education Inc.

My Personal Learning Style Essay -- essays research papers

My Personal Learning StyleWow I have a personal learning style If I had given any thought to my learning style prior to this course, I would have said simply, Some things be easy for me to learn, and some things are not. Now I can say, I am a grouper, a top-down learner, an owl, in the C-D quadrants, and my strong intelligences are linguistic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal. What all this means, still, is some things are easy for me to learn, and some things are not. But there I go again, simplifying the matter.My learning experience throughout grade work was cast in the Traditional method, employing rote, reward-and-punishment, and repetition, repetition, repetition. It was a one-size-fits-all approach, intended to instill good behavior as much as to instruct in the rudiments of reading, musical composition and arithmetic. We were not encouraged to participate in the process, unless, of course, we raised our hands, and were called upon to do so, and we were not to talk out of turn. We were to be passive and receptive. This was the right way to learn. It is a testimony to the great, unstoppable capacity of the brain to grow that many of us learned anything at all under those circumstances. Four decades of psychological research have taught us there is no one right way to learn. Our minds are as unique as our fingerprints. Our ability to learn is not necessarily related to extravagantly or low intelligence quotients, but rather a convergence of four important aspects of our perso...

International Development and Development Projects

Since Pakistans commencement in 1947, the legislature has attempted nonstop endeavors to give free, all(prenominal) inclusive, essential training to its residents. This is prove by instructive plans, strategies, and five-year training segment changes, incorporating organizations with global offices and created nations.Be that as it may, these endeavors pass not yielded any additions for the natives. Pakistan has a growth rate of 49.9 percent, one of the most reduced in South Asia and whatever is left of the world. Pakistans male and egg-producing(prenominal) education rates are 61.7 percent and 35.2 percent. The female education rate drops to 25 percent in rustic regions, and young ladies school enlistment of fifty-five percent drops to 20% from Grade 1 to 6.For the reasons for these measurements, a proficient individual is characterized by Pakistans Ministry of Education as one who can read a daily paper and compose a straightforward garner in any dialect. Pakistans populace of 167 million is sixty-five percent country and thirty-five percent urban, with residents confronting different interlinked issues influencing their personal satisfaction, for example, absence of education, neediness, and the absence of essential necessities (protect, gas, water, and power).Likewise, a culture of feudalism and man controlled society makes structures of energy and control that deny nationals of their rights, including that of training. Studies have been directed on training in Pakistan, 1. Investigations of ladies character, sexual orientation, and training have been directed by United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Childrens Funds (UNICEF), and the Aga Khan University-Institute of Educational Development (AKU-IED) Institute in Pakistan.View all notes, be that as it may, they have been constrained in scope as far as young ladies training. This article tends to the hole in female proficiency grant. Its motivation is to fundamentally examine the condition of young ladies instruction in Pakistan regarding three factors the purposes behind low proficiency and school enlistment rates, sexual orientation inclinations in educational programs and reading material, and social standards.In view of this investigation, the article finishes up with measures to build school enlistment and proficiency rates for young ladies and ladies.Paper refA Critical Analysis of School Enrollment and Literacy Rates of Girls and Women in PakistanAmna LatifJournalEducational StudiesA Journal of the American Educational Studies AssociationVolume 45, 2009 Issue 5 WOMEN AND commandmentReferencesAzam, Z (1993). Towards the 21st Century Pakistan Women, education and Social Change. National Book foundation, Islamabad Pakistan, p.53. Federal Bureaue of Statistics, Islamabad (2008-09).Khalid Tanveer, (1998) An Introduction to Educational Philosophy and History, 9th Edition, S.M. Printers, Karachi, Pakistan, p. 3.Khalid, H.S. (19 96), Female Teachers and Girls access code to Primary Schools in rural Pakistan A Case Study, pp.34-55. Latif, A. (2007).Alarming Situation of Education in Pakistan. World Education Forum, News and Views, Grassroots Stories Pakistan. Saeed, Amera, (1990), Structural Issues in Women Development in Pakistan, UNICIEF 12 D East SNC Center, Blue Area, Islamabad,1990, pp.27-35.Vidyu Lata, (1990).Developing Rural Women, New Delhi, Discovery Publishers, p.1. Leach Fiona E., Angela Little (1999) Education, cultures, and economics dilemmas for development, 1st Edition, Routledge Publishers, Newyark, pp. 351-375.

Aristotle introduced the three classical modes

This paper focuses on several key concepts presented in Aristotles works. The rationale behind such a choice is associated with the fact that Aristotles works are widely believed to be among the most important texts from the history of rhetoric (Herrick, 2004).Another reason for an in-depth focus on Aristotelian rhetoric is that many theories he developed are still widely used for effectively advancing arguments in the public discourse.Aristotle introduced the three classical modes of persuasion Ethos (appeal to authority), Pathos (appeal to emotion), and Logos (appeal to logic). As concerns Ethos, audience tends to believe speakers that elicit respect and demonstrate their credibility. Personal qualities that render speakers such credibility encompass a sense of wisdom (phronesis), goodwill (eunoia), and infrangible moral character (arete).Pathos, for its part, implies that a speaker possesses the ability to arouse strong feeling and emotional reactions in his or her listeners. Wh ile Aristotle acknowledges the importance of the aforementioned modes of persuasion, he strongly deems that Logos is the most important and effective.Logical reasoning is occurring in two main conformations induction and deduction. Inductive reasoning entails arriving at a certain deduction on the basis of specific examples. Deduction implies ascribing certain qualities to objects or phenomena on the basis of a general rule.Aristotle also investigates the concepts of syllogism and enthymeme. A syllogism, which is essentially a form of deductive reasoning, is defines as a discourse in which, certain things having been supposed, something different from the things supposed results of necessity because these things are so (Aristotle, 1989, p.2).A syllogism consists of three elements, namely the major premise, the diminished premise, and the conclusion. Each premise has to have one term that conclusion also contains it is referred to as the middle term.The major term (a part of the m ajor premise) is referred to as the express of the conclusion, and the minor term (a part of the minor premise) is referred to as the subject of the conclusion. An example of a syllogism presented by Aristotle is as follows since all gentles are mortal (major premise), and Socrates is human (minor premise), it is possible to infer that Socrates is mortal (conclusion).

Generally, there are 3 basic principles/processes of project quality management: Essay

Planning for fictitious character involves identifying which whole step standards atomic number 18 relevant to the attend and how to see those standards. Integrating theatrical role standards into offer design is a core portion of forest planning. For an IT project, quality standards include enabling system growth, planning a tidy response time, or making sure that the system produces accurate and consistent information.The core outputs of quality planning atomic number 18 a quality prudence plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan, and project document updates. Performing quality assurance Performing quality assurance includes periodical evaluation of the upstanding project performance to make sure that the project will meet the desired quality standards. The process involves assuming roles of quality in the entire project life cycle. Senior management must lodge in the lead in emphasizing the roles exclusively employees play in quality ass urance.The core outputs of this process are organizational process plus, project management, project document, and change requests updates (Kathy, 2008). 1. 1. 1 Performing quality crack Performing quality direct involves monitoring specific project results to make sure that they adhere to the desired quality requirements while identifying methods to enhance ultimate quality. This process is mostly linked to the technical techniques and tools of quality management, such as quality control charts, statistical sampling, and Pareto charts.The main outputs of quality control include quality control measurements, validated deliverables, change requests, validated changes, organizational process asset updates, project management plan, and project document updates (Kathy, 2008). This research seeks to Incorporate the best practices in project quality management with quality leadership/ team croak within a quality focused company, Evaluate the significance of project quality management for IT products and services, Understand the techniques and tools for quality control, andDescribe how leadership model interrelate to enhancing quality in information technology projects.2. 0 Review of Literature In his book on quality control, Juran (2002) stressed the significance of top management commitment to continuous product quality improvement. In 2000, Juran published the fifth edition of his famous book. In both texts, Juran veritable and built upon a trilogy involving quality improvement, quality control, and quality planning. Juran emphasized the difference between the manufacturers view of quality and the clients view.He observed that manufacturers focused on adherence to requirements, but clients focused on fitness for use. In this book, Juran developed 10 stages to quality improvement. These include construct awareness of the need and chance for improvement, set goals for improvements, organize to reach the goals, provide training, carry out projects to solve pro blems, report progress, give recognition, communicate results, keep ratings, and economise momentum by establishing yearly improvement part of the regular systems and processes of the economy.Crosby (1979) wrote Quality Is Free and is best known for suggesting that firms struggle for zero defects. He stressed that the be of low quality must include all costs of not doing the work right the first time, such as rework, scrap, wasted man hours and cable car hours, customer ill will and wasted sales, and warranty costs. Crosby proposed that the cost of low quality is so misappropriated that firms can profitably spend unlimited amounts of specie on enhancing quality.Like Juran, Crosby developed 14 stages for quality improvement these include making it clear that management is committed to quality, organizing quality control teams with representatives from each section, establishing where veritable and potential quality problems lie, evaluating the cost of quality and explaining its use as a management tool, raising the quality awareness and personal concern of all employees, take actions to correct problems set through previous steps, establishing a committee for the zero defects program, training supervisors to actively carry out their part of the quality improvement program, holding a-zero defects day-to allow all employees realize that there has been a change, encouraging individuals to establish improvement goals for themselves and their teams, encouraging employees to communicate to management the barriers they face in achieving their improvement goals, reorganizing and appreciating those who participate, establishing quality councils to communicate on a regular basis, and reworking to emphasize that the quality improvement program never ends. Crosby (1979) initiated the Quality Management Process Maturity Grid. Such a grid can be applied to a firms attitude toward product usability. For instance, the initial level in the grid is ignorance, where employ ees might believe they do not have any difficulties with usability. The last level is wisdom, where employees have changed their attitude so that usability defect prevention is a routine part of their activities.Ishikawa (1976) developed the concept of quality circles and pioneered the utilization of cause-and-effect graphics. Ishikawa made notable contributions to quality management, the most important being Ishikawas total quality perspective, organization quality control and emphasizes to human based quality, the quality diagram, and the creation and use of his 7 basic quality tools. The tools are Pareto analysis, stratification, cause and effect diagrams, check sheets, scatter charts, histograms, and process control charts. Ishikawa believed these 7 tools must be known in depth, if not by all, in a firm and used to evaluate problems and create enhancements. Used effectively the tools form a powerful quality kit.Genichi (1998) believed it is good to develop product that is stou t and or insensitive to manufacturing process variation, rather than trying to control all variations during manufacturing. To practice this view, he embarked on the already developed knowledge on design and made it more practical and usable for quality experts. Genichis idea was mainly about the routine maximization of process and product prior to actual processing rather than quality control through inspection. Reliability and quality are ensured at the designing stage. Genichi went on to break off-line quality into 3 core levels. These levels include system design, tolerance design, and parameter design.Foster (2004) identified leadership as being core to the quality improvement process, assuming minimal difference between management and leadership. The role is of a facilitator, and the foundation is-managing by walking, allowing the leader to be in touch with clients, people, and innovation, the three primary sections in the expedition of excellence. Foster believes that, as the leader walks, three main operations are occurring listening, facilitating, and listening suggesting caring, able to provide instant help, and transmission of values respectively. Foster, having analyzed key American firms concluded that any smart concept to organizing had to take into eyeshade 7 variables, a framework that was designed to include both the software and hardware of a firm.

Loneliness †theme within Steinbecks ‘Of Mice and Men’ Essay

Loneliness is the theme Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck. He describes loneliness, and secluded lives of work force who work on the ranch. George and Lennie who together share a dream, their partnership of farming their own land. Mutually they partake in a relationship so rare, locomotion so some(prenominal) miles together building independence upon one another. Lennies loving puppy-like portion has its advantages and disadvantages. His natural simplicity is also considered as naivety, which in some cases leads to disaster.For instance he reverts to fighting when he cant get his way Crashing back through the bush. This proves his childish qualities and immaturity. As with George who adopts a father sign role is by far more realistic, sensible and reliable. Hes independent suggesting that I could get along so easy and so gracious if I didnt have you no my taillive easy and get a girl. Alone the two would not survive the brutal ways of the world but together as where one lacks the other gains building a strong companionship.We breach further information about the lonely lives of precise characters living on the ranch from chapter two onwards. Steinbeck at the beginning of chapter two sets the scene. He illustrates the deserted spread of land of which, Lennie and George rally across the ranch. They encounter an unacquainted with(predicate) face by the name of Swamper, a crippled old man who introduced them to the bunkhouse and discussed Whitey a former worker. Whitey was a blacksmith, was strangely hygienic and kept himself to himself.He had the tendency to dress-up even when he wasnt going anywhere put on a necktie even as the swamper described. He had belatedly quit as he had an issue with all food. This I feel shows a life of very small meaning. I cant recall anyone who is completely fulfilled to pick at food for the reason of just because? Gimme my time. This I think is Steinbeck showing some evidence of loneliness. A man could be so desolate th at he would look to find any excuse to make a fuss, to be noticed. He seemed to create the excitement in which he lacked so desperately, dressing up on any occasion possible a reason to wake up each morningA character in the story that experiences loneliness is the swamper also known as Candy. A friendly and elderly man, who has worked at the ranch for many years. He stays at the bunkhouse with a dog as a companion. Candy and his dog are inseparable. Candy depends on the loyal hound, and they have shared many happy time together. Later on in the story, Candys dog is forced to be put down for the reason that the rest of the workers disagree for the nasty and icky mutt to be kept alive.The workers constantly complained of the redolence of the dog However, Candy and his dog were literally attached by the hip and the stench had become vague and became part of Candy he had been around him so much I never notice how he stinks. This I think explains part of Candys loneliness that witho ut his dog there is a great emptiness within him. George and Lennie soon befriended Candy after the death of the dog, proposing a chance to go into origin together. This seems like the opportunity of a lifetime to Candy, his hope for companionship and a secure job to rely on. His destiny to find fulfilment in many respects has come true and will do any thing in his own power to make sure its not taken away from him.Another character that is lonely is Curlys wife an attractive woman with full rouged lips and wide spaced eyes, heavily made-up. Fingernails painted red, hair hung in little rolled clusters. She was known to be flirtatious with a bitchy personality, a terrible reputation. Curlys Wife had seen life as a disappointment failing in her lifes goals coulda been in the movies said so frequently and her nippingness towards anyone who was happier or more successful than herself. She is found picking on those less(prenominal) fortunate than her as when she made the remark They left all the weak ones here, clearly it obvious that the comment was meant to be offensive.A reason for all this cruel behaviour may be loneliness Curlys Wife has no friends and a husband that ignores her. He never seems to be around Any you boys seen Curly? Hes usually in a hoar house or out with the guys. Although, extremely over protective of her. The ranch workers had little respect for Curlys Wife by speaking of her as something of Curlys, no importance she often feels that she is never wanted. Curlys Wife discovers Lennies desire of her in which she takes of advantage of. For once there is somebody with an interest of her I get lonely I never get to talk to nobody. When Curlys wife hides behind the make or makes rude remarks it could be because shes insecure within herself, lacking confidence so when she puts people down it makes her feel better.The character that experiences the most loneliness is Crooks also known as the Nigger.He is crippled from a damaged spine resulting in an odd shape figure (hunch back). He is described to have eyes deep in his inquiry his lean face was lined with deep black wrinkles, and thin pain-tightened lips which were lighter than his face. Crooks lives alone as around the time the story was set to be in there were race issues causing discrimination, which was unfortunate for Crooks. Over the years of working in such a secluded environment Crooks seemed to have become bitter and nasty warning people away Dont come where youre not wanted. Crooks seemed to talk to no one other than flimsy a real skinner he looks out for his team. Crooks respected Slim, as he was the only one who would treat him as if he were a mankind being. You learn about Crooks when Lennie approaches him in his bunk.At first he is completely against the idea and tries to worry Lennie with the thought that George maybe hurt or unable to come back Spose he gets killed, or hurt so much, he cant come home. This was poof of Crooks evil way of thought proces s leaving Lennies mind running crazy but he shortly reassures him saying he will come back, no need to worry. We discover later that Crooks lived a happy childhood playing with the white kids from next door. He also had close relationships with his brothers. It was later on in life that the acerb world ended up him living such a lonely life. He is self-conscious, believing no one to ever like him so when he meets Lennie and discovers he actually takes interest in him, he is shocked and even suggest to help in the assistance of the business between George, Candy and Lennie when he over here the discussion between the three.

Mayan Civilization Advantages and Effect on America

Amayrani Mateo May 30,2012 KIPP-2016-NEUSocial Study Mayan Research Paper Did you know that Mayan purification left wing back beautiful landmarks they made with their advanced technology? The Mayan spread throughout Mexico, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala. They Mayans had really advanced technology to look at the sky and be able to make calendars. They were able to observe the sky and make inferences. The Mayan shade was different from any other civilization.Mayan civilizations should be taught in schools because of their influence on instantlys citizens, advanced technology and students should learn about another civilization that is really known but not taught in schools and so that people perusal Mayans learn about the heritage. Today, the astronomical and technological advances came from the Mayan civilization. Astronomers from the Mayan civilization created calendars that argon more accurate then those of modern society. They have about eighteen different calend ars that was created on the movement of the moon, the planets and the sun.In order to make this happen, they also created mathematical theories. With these theories, they were able to trace the path of the planets. Mayan civilizations have thousands of archeological sites across Belize, Honduras, Guatemala, and Southern Mexico. (www. authenticmaya. com) There is a joining between the Latino/ Latinos student in Massachusetts and in the Mayan civilization. There is 15. 4% of people in the state of Massachusetts who identify themselves as Latinos/ Hispanic. Mayan civilization reached its height between 300 and 900 A. DDuring this time, Mayan culture spread over much of Mesoamerica, including part of present-day Sothern Mexico, Belize, most of Guatemala, and parts of Honduras and El Salvador. (Bower and Lobdell) There are things that we eat here that started in Mayan civilization. We eat things like maize, maize cobs and corn cob and other veggies. (www. foodtimeline. org) With those things we made things like Tamales or Tortilla, which were very famous in Mayan civilization. There are a couple Mexi female genitals and Central Ameri send packing restaurants around and they all started from the influence they had on Lynn. What happened to the Mayan Civilization?Why did they disappear? Mayan civilization is a mystery because no one knows how did they disappear or what happened to them. Learning about Mayan civilization will help with school things because your knowledge will grow. With these questions students can investigate further and find out more information o the civilization. All these questions keep people wondering and it can start very good-natured discussions among other people. Having the skill to participate in a discussion is a great skill, also if you are wondering all these questions you will probably do some research on the civilization and you will know you more than other.Mayan civilization must be taught in schools in Massachusetts. Modern so ciety can learn more about technological and astronomical advances because the Mayan civilization has influenced us already with some advances. About 15% of students in Massachusetts are Hispanic/Latinos. They have many similarities with people from the Mayan civilizations. Mayan civilizations taught us a lot of things and they helped give us ideas to do things certain ways. Ideas like calendars came from them.

Martha?S Vineyard – Labov

1. 0Introduction 1. 1 Martha? s Vineyard where experienced traditions argon still of value Martha? s Vineyard is a small island located south of Cape Cod in Massach lend oneselftts, USA. The island has a permanent population of astir(predicate) 6000 inhabitants. It is separated from the mainland by the Atlantic Ocean and there are no big businesses or any McDonald to be found on the island. Here, life is non as hectic as on the mainland and old traditions are still of value. The inhabitants have a focus of showing their connection and dedication to their homeland, which is also a way of directing themselves.This term paper will be about sound inter turns in connection with social indistinguishability. I will examine the innovative field of force of speech communication variation and change in the islands community, observed and examined by William Labov (1963). I will analyze and discuss the register do by Labov. Labov? s teach is based on the characteristic sound pattern discovered while listening to the inhabitants of Martha? s Vineyard. This sound change has a focus on the centralisation of diphthongs. Centralization is the phonological change in which a vowel becomes to a greater extent(prenominal) central than normal (Lawrence Trask 2000 53).Diphthong is a vowel sound which is pronounced by apace moving from one vowel position to a nonher (Deckert, Vickers 2011 33). The sound changes made by inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard, observed by Labov were /ay/ as in fight, right and corporation and /aw/ as in loud and about. Labov? s observations exposed that the alter diphthongs only occurred in a particular linguistic context. Some groups engagementd the sound change more than others. The group of fishermen was among these. Labov also observed that some inhabitants purposely did not pronounce the diphthongs contrastingly to people from the mainland.Having looked at different social factors, as for role model, long time, ethnic group and o ccupation it became obvious that the attitude towards the island was an essential aspect to explain this phenomenon. The decision whether or not to apply the island or the mainland pronunciation depended the attitude towards Marthas Vineyard, whether or not being positive or negative. Labov named this phenomenon island identity (1963). To understand what island identity is it is important to define the term identity. What is identity and how do we identify ourselves?Can there be a connection between identity and speech? In this term paper I will attempt to reception these questions. 2. 0 The study, sociolinguistic pattern and meaning 2. 1 Background knowledge Marthas Vineyard is divided into two parts, which are the up-island and the down-island. By the time Labov made this study, the island had approximately 6000 inhabitants. The majority lived in an area of the down-island which contains of three small towns, called Vineyard Haven, oak tree Bluffs and Edgartown. The remaining in habitants lived in the campestral up-island area with only a a few(prenominal) villages (Labov 1972 5).The inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard were divided into four major ethnic groups. The main group was the descendants of old families with English stock certificate. The second major group was descendants of Portuguese origin who migrated from the Azores and the Cap Verde Islands. The third group was descendants of remnant native Americans. The last group consists of inhabitants of various origins, who were of no relevance for this study (Labov 1972 6). another(prenominal) group became relevant for this study. This was the group of summer visitors who came in large groups in June and July.There would be around 42. 000 visitors on the island every summer (Labov 1972 6). It could be a contingency that the summer visitors brought the sound change from the mainland to the island, which would mean that this group would have the major influence on the pronunciation of the diphthongs /ay / and /aw/ unless it becomes substantiate that the influence of visitors are not as obvious as it might seem, since Labov only mentioned that this group had an indirect influence. To clarify this, it is essential to have a look at the economic role of the island.In 1960 Marthas Vineyard was the poorest of all countries of Massach intentiontts and this was not only due to the high unemployment rate in Massachusetts back then (Labov 1972 27). The islands? major industry was the search industry on the up-island. The large-scale of look for went out of New Bedford on the Grand Banks and as a result it became harder to keep this industry going (Labov 1972 27). It became intimately impossible for the fishermen to make a lifespan from their wages and their families became dependent on two earnings. Another problem forced the economic and psychological pressure.Convenience goods were at a very high price (Labov 1972 28) and the goods were brought on the island with ferry from the mai nland. This transport was expensive and permitted the salesmen to expand the prices of their goods. Some would say that the constantly growing tourism came as a blessing for the inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard, and at the same time it also became a curse, especially for the fishermen who matte up very connected to the island and the traditions connected to it. For them it was difficult to bring the change magnitude dependence on tourism.The following observations and results are of immensity in order to understand the connection between the above mentioned background information and the language variation in this study. 2. 2 Accomplishment by Labov and its meaning for the inhabitants In 1963, as the study of Marthas Vineyard was relized, Labov observed a striking way of pronouncing words such a fight, right and sight, and words such as loud and about. This striking ways of pronunciation clearly diverged from the near parts of the mainland (Meyerhoff 2006 16f. ). The inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard pronounced the diphthongs /ay/ and /aw/ in a more entral position which is a phonological change termed centralization. In order to figure out why galore(postnominal) inhabitants used the centralized diphthongs, Labov deliberated an interview schedule in which /ay/ and /aw/ frequently occurred (Labov 1972 12). Here Labov did not only put his focus on the linguistic aspect but on the social aspect as well. This means that Labov did not only put focus on the language but furthermore he cute to examine the reasons for this sound change and in which way it was used in a social context and by whom. Why did some speakers use the centralized diphthongs more than others?This is why this study by Labov is not just of study of linguistics but also counts as a sociolinguistic study (Deckert, Vickers 2011 1). Labov started asking inhabitants questions concerning their lives on the island. He also recorded them while they were reading lists of words naturally containing /ay/ and /aw/ sounds out loud (Meyerhoff 2006 17). He interviewed 69 inhabitants of different ages, occupation, ethnic groups and from different geographical distribution. The table underneath is taken from Labov? s study and shows age levels and metrical composition of inhabitants using the centralized vowels /ay/ and /aw/Table 1 (Labov 1972 22) age (ay) (aw) 75- 25 22 61-75 35 37 46-60 62 44 31-45 81 88 14-30 37 46 Having a look at this table, it appears that inhabitants from the age of thirty-one up to age forty-five frequently tended to centralize the diphthongs. However, inhabitants younger than thirty-one and older than forty-five, did not have a high use of the centralized diphthongs.This means that the sound change could not only be dependent on the age of inhabitants being interviewed. Therefore Labov focused on other social factors which might have an opinion on the production of this sound change. He interviewed inhabitants from different parts of residence, her eby people form the up-island as well as people living at the down-island. The statistics shown below demonstrates different cities on Marthas Vineyard. It also shows the numbers of inhabitants from these cities using the centralized diphthongs Table 2 (Labov 1972 25) (ay) (aw) Down-island 35 33 Edgartown 48 55 Oak 33 10 Bluffs Vineyard Haven 24 33 Up-island 61 66 Oak 71 99 Bluffs N. 35 13 Tisbury West Tisbury 51 51 Chilmark 100 81 Gay Head51 81 This table clearly shows that the inhabitants living on the up-island used the sound change more frequently than inhabitants living on the down-island, especially the inhabitants of the town Chilmark. In Chilmark they were shown o have a unique tendency of centralized diphthongs. The up-island was more of a rural area and it was known for its fishing industry. Most fishermen were living and working in Chilmark. The following table shows the centralization by the different occupational groups observed by Labov. . Table 3 (Labov 1972 26) (ay) (aw) Fishermen 100 79 Farmers 32 22 Others 41 57 According to this table which shows the purpose of centralized diphthong by fishermen, farmers and other occupations, shows it becomes clear that the fishermen were the one group who most frequently made use of centralization. Some of the farmers and people of other occupations also used this sound change but their numbers were strikingly low compared to the numbers of fishermen using the centralization. When comparing the results of all three tables it becomes obvious that the Chilmark fishermen in the middle working age level were using the centralization more frequently than any other groups on the island.However, hereby it is still not revealed why this group of inhabitants at this age and living and working in that one place where the fishing industry still played a big role in the island economy (Labov 1972 29), were using the sound change more frequently than the other groups of inhabitants. It is cent ral to understand the meaning and importance of the fishing industry for the inhabitants and the island itself to fully understand the interaction of social and linguistic patterns. Most of the fishermen from Chilmark felt late connected to the island since most of them were descendants of the old families (Labov 1972 28).The fishing industry used to be a major part of the economy, before the large-scale fishing went out of New Bedford on the Grand Banks (Labov 1972 27). The fishermen were proud to be independent, to stand on their own feet and earn their living with their own bare hands. Fishing was an old tradition on this island (Labov 1972 29) but as an ever-growing number of summer visitors came to the island a big part of the fishing industry moved away and the inhabitants became forced to be more dependent on tourism. Chilmark changed from the traditional fishing industry to modern tourism.Many of the inhabitants accepted but the fishermen had a hard time acknowledging this change (Labov 1972 28). They made their living from fishing. For these men fishing was not just a job, but it was also a way of living and an old tradition they did not want to collapse up. Two brothers from Edgartown which were also fishermen were among the interviewed. They both had a tendency to centralize the diphthongs very frequently (Labov 1972 30). These two brothers were the last decendants from the old families (Labov 1972 30).If they were to leave the island, there would be no descendant left in Edgartown and there would be no one to keep up the traditions of the old families. These two brothers are another example that clarifies the importance of the fishing industry. It also clarifies that the Chilmark fishermen as well as the fishermen from Edgartown shared social orientation. They felt deeply connected to the island which was their home. For this reason they also both shared an plague to the many summer visitors. The summer visitors would invade the cities of Martha s Vineyard, and thereby the growing tourism would invade ajor a part in the economy. Though many of the inhabitants apprize the tourism, the fishermen suffered more and more under economic as well as psychological pressure (Labov 1972 28). The dependence on summer visitors grew and thereby the independence of the fishermen was reduced. The more inhabitants lived a traditional way of life the more they used the centralization. This fact demonstrates the relationship to the diphthong centralization and the social orientation. Labov learned that another social factor had an majuscule influence on the sound change.He observed attitude towards the island, whether it was positive or negative, was of reason for the usage of this sound change. Labov found out that high school students and their use of the centralization depended on their plan whether or not to stay on the island. He therefore interviewed students from Marthas Vineyard Regional High School. The students who wanted to stay on the island showed a much higher(prenominal) use of the centralized diphthongs than the students who wanted to leave the island after finishing school (Labov 1972 32).Not only inhabitants from the old families had a high use of the centralization, but Portuguese at the age of thirty-one to forty-five revealed to have a very high use of the sound change in coincidence to the other age groups (Labov 1972 26). The Portuguese of this age group belonged to the third and fourth generation. This generation was the first one which had entirely adopted the ways of life on the island (Labov 1972 33). They too felt deeply connected to the island, their home.The middle aged Portuguese showed a higher use of centralization than the younger Portuguese, even though the younger Portuguese showed a higher centralization than the young inhabitants with English origin (Labov 1972 26). This phenomenon can be explained by the attitude towards the island. Most of the young inhabitants with English ori gin wanted to leave the island opposed to the majority of the young Portuguese who wanted to stay on the island (Labov 1972 26). This proves that social attitude towards Marthas Vineyard was to blame for the use of the centralization.In relation to the social attitude the term island identity becomes important. To fully understand this term it is important to explain what identity actually means. To define what identity really is, is easier said than done. Identity can be a name of a person but it can also be a way of behaving or other details like gestures or mimics. In Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English by Langenscheidt, there are more than a few explanations. For example The qualities and attitudes that a person or a group of people have, that make them different from other people (Langenscheidt 2006 805).The term national/cultural/social identity is listed in this dictionary as well and is defined as a smashed feeling of belonging to particular group, race, etc. (Lang enscheidt 2006 805). After having studied Labovs observations, his results and defining the term identity, it becomes clear that the inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard used the sound change to identify themselves. They created an access to their identity with the help of language, and used the centralization as a way to differentiate themselves from summer visitors. This strong bond to their home, the island, is termed by Labov as island identity. Island identity describes the use of the centralization as an expression of the strong connection, the inhabitant? s ancestry and their home land. Inhabitants who used this sound change also revealed their attitude and connection to the island. The ones using the sound change were the ones who felt deeply connected and identified themselves with the island. Thereby the sound change became an indicator of the inhabitants attitude. The inhabitants who showed a negative attitude towards the island the ones who did not feel connected to it and wa nted to leave, did not use this centralization.They simply did not identify themselves with the island. On behalf of those inhabitants who had a positive attitude towards the island the language variant hold prestige. For some inhabitants the sound change had a higher status than for others, although the speakers were not always aware of the importance of the sound change. This is the reason why there are two types of prestige which are termed overt and sieve prestige (Meyerhoff 2006 37). Overt prestige is linked with language variants that speakers use for special reasons.The speakers using the overt prestige have the motive of sounding, for example, politer or even more educated, which means that they obviously are aware of using that variant (Meyerhoff 2006 37). For the inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard the covert prestige played a central role. The speakers who were using the centralization did not want to sound nicer or better than other people on the island. This pronunciation was not the standard or the general norm but it was based on group identity and the way the inhabitants differentiated themselves from other inhabitants and summer visitors. 3. 0 ConclusionThrough the study of Labov, he demonstrated that social factors play a role in how people speak and he also clarified the deep social function language has to define sn identity. Labov? s study was of importance for the social linguistic. The centralized diphthongs observed by Labov were most frequently used by the thirty-one up to forty-five age group and was typically observed used by people who lived and worked on the island, who felt deeply connected to the island. The connection between the positive attitude towards life on the island and the usage of centralization was outstanding.The inhabitants who lived a traditional way of life, had the highest degree of centralization. Since being a fisherman was a traditional occupation, this means that the main part of the inhabitants on the up-island had a higher use of the sound change since that was the place where the fishing industry was based. The down-island was the area where less people were using the centralization. It consist of small towns and these towns were the attraction for the increasing number of summer visitors.Consequently, it can be said that the centralization is an indicator of solidarity. A way of showing where you belong and that you are proud of your home and its traditions. For the inhabitants of Marthas Vineyard it was also a way to oppose to the people of the mainland and the new service economy. This sound change made them stand out. By centralizing the diphthongs the inhabitants of island created a way to connect their social identity to language. The language functions as a tool to stick out of the crowd. It is as a reminder of their roots. . 0 Bibliography Deckert, Sharon K. Vickers, Caroline H. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. 2011. London Continuum International Publishing Group. Labov, W illiam. Sociolinguistic Patterns. 1972. Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press. Langenscheidt. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. 2006 Meyerhoff, Miriam. Introducing Sociolinguistics. 2006. Abingdon Routledge Trask, Robert Lawrence. The Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics. 2000. Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press Ltd

Assessment task †SHC 21 Introduction to communication in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings Essay

intercourse is about making contact with differents and being understood. When communicating, people send and receive messages continuously. As an early geezerhood practitioner drubing with children and novel people, effective discourse is essential to ensure that I can crap the best provision for the children and young people I am work with. In my setting, when you look at all the interacting and talks between children, young people and adults through the activities, it shows there are so umteen reasons why people communicate. Making relationshipsWhen we communicate, we make new relationships with children, parents, carers or colleagues. I should use positive communication skills to make a good first impression in relationships, for example, being friendly, smiling, shaking hands when I greet the person. Developing relationshipsAs an early years practitioner, I should develop a relationship with children, young people, their parents, carers and colleagues by maintaining a f riendly and raiseive approach and by being interested in what other people are doing and feeling. This enables them to feel comfortable and secure, knowing that they can trust and rely on my overlord service. Obtaining and sharing informationAs an early years practitioner, I may pick out to obtain and dish out information about children and young people who I work for with colleagues and other agencies to ensure the team is richly informed. I also need to communicate with children and young people or their family members about the care and support they received or about the kinds of services and facilities that are available in our setting. Expressing thoughts and ideasI may need to communicate with my colleagues to share my thoughts and ideas about aspects of practice in my setting, and also I should use effective communication skills to promote children and young people to talk about what they have learnt, say what they think or evidence themselves imaginatively. Giving and receiving supportChildren and young people often seek reassurance from adults as a way of development their self- confidence. As a practitioner, I should use my positive communication skill to praise them, give them judgment of conviction and attention to reward their efforts and achievements. I also should communicate with my manager and colleagues to receive the support and reassurance about my work performance. Expressing feelings, wishes, needs and preferencesAs an early years practitioner, I need use my positive communication skills to encourage children and young people to express their feelings and needs and to talk about how they wish to be treated, as closely as to say what they like and dislike. In the early years setting, there are so many reasons people communicate, I should use communication skill positively and effectively to ensure good lumber service.

Human Relations Essay

electric razor development refers to an individuals progress from birth to adulthood. there atomic number 18 several changes that occur in a normal persons life span-physical, cognitive and psychosocial (Fitch, 1999, p. 9). The three form the domains of child development. fleshly development refers to the changes that occur in the individuals body, such as height, weight, sensory and motor abilities, as well as the hormonal changes (p. 9). On the other hand, cognitive development alludes to the intellectual changes that occur as children develop (p. 9). As children grow, they start to develop attitudes about themselves and their surroundings.As they continue to search for their identity, their psychosocial development besides unfolds. on that point argon different theories that tackle child development. Stage theories are theories that concentrate on developmental levels that are quantitatively different from other levels (p. 40). Quantitative, in this sense, means that each de velopmental level is a progression, an integration of previous sort and information (p. 40). Furthermore, the progression from one coiffe to another is discontinuous, indicating that it follows a dogged sequence (pp. 40-41).Theorists who subscribe the stage theories of child development believe that all stages are universal (p. 41). There are three major theorists in child development Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget. Sigmund Freud is considered the father of psychoanalysis (Thornton, 2006). psychoanalysis is a technique developed by Freud that is used to uncover the unconscious (Morris and Maisto, 2002, p. 15). A medical mendelevium by profession, Freud was particularly interested in the central nervous system (p. 14). In his life of work, he found that most diseases are psychological in nature, rather than physiological.Thus, he came to the conclusion that human behavior is driven by the unconscious instincts (p. 446). He believed that the unconscious instincts are vital in an individuals survival. Moreover, he accentuated the importance of informal instincts as the most important element in personality development. Personality, harmonize to Freud, is developed around three structures the id, the ego, and the superego (Fitch, 1999, p. 41). The id is guided by the pleasure principles, ego, the reality principle, and superego, the moral principle (p. 41).These structures are crucial in Freuds theory of psycho familiar development, or his perceptive on child development. There are five stages in Freuds Psycho familiar Theory, each stage involving some levels of versed energy. gibe to Freud, as children go through each stage, their personality is being developed. However, when a child undergoes traumatic experiences, the sexual energy that should have been at that particular stage may be affected, resulting in what Freud termed as regress (Larsen and Buss, 2005, p. 47). Fixation may later expire to immaturity and certain personality traits.I n the oral stage (birth to 18 months), the babes focus of gratification is the mouth (Morris and Maisto, 2002, p. 448). During this stage, the infants id is dominant, especially because the infant has yet to differentiate the self and the environment (Larsen and Buss, 2005, p. 47). The infant obtains oral pleasure by sucking, chewing and prickly (Morris and, p. 448). Infants who receive too much pleasure leave grow into optimistic adults those who receive little will turn into hostile adults (p. 448).During the anal stage (18 months to 3 ? ears), the childs primary source of sexual pleasure is the anus (Morris and Maisto, 2002, p. 448). In this stage, the childs ego is starting to differentiate from his/ her id and the child starts to establish liberty (Larsen and Buss, 2005, p. 47). The child starts to learn elimination and he/ she derives sexual pleasure from holding in and expelling throne (p. 448). This is also the time when toilet training begins. Strict toilet training ma y result in children throwing tantrums, which according to Freud will lead them into self-destructive adults (p. 448).The third stage- phallic stage, occurs after the child reaches three eld of age (Morris and Maisto, 2002, p. 448). In this stage, both boys and girls seek pleasure from manipulating their genitals (p. 448). Interestingly, children become sexually attracted to opposite-sex parent (Larsen and Buss, 2005, p. 48). Freud calls this the Oedipus and Electra difficult (p. 448). The former refers to the Greek mythological character that kills his father and marries his mother (p. 448). The latter refers to the somewhat possessive heat that girls display toward their father while feeling jealous of their mothers (p. 48).The childs superego is also starting to event control, as the child starts to take notice of his/ her parents values as well as that of the society. Fixation in this stage may lead to vanity and egotism in later life. Or it may lead to the opposite, wherein the individual becomes withdrawn, shy and has low self-esteem (p. 448). When the child reaches 6 up until he/she reaches puberty, the child goes into a latency stage. During this period, sexual development is at a standstill (Larsen and Buss, 2002, p. 51).The child loses interest in sexual behavior and instead begins focusing on learning skills that will help him/her become responsible citizens in the society (p. 510. ). At puberty, the child reaches the genital stage. It is during this stage wherein sexual tension builds up. It is a period of sexual maturity. The genital stage is the final stage in sexual development and it is in this stage where adolescents and adults are able to actualize unfilled desires from infancy and childhood (Morris and Maisto, 2002, p. 448). It is the time when mature sexual relationships are established.

Why Love Is Immortal

The symposium presents a set of cases for make do. Different views of contend are being expressed, in a kind of ways to think. In comparing Diotimas influenced Socrates views on love and Pausanias views we find deuce completely divers(prenominal) ways of thinking. Diotima seems to make a much stronger case and party would agree that she might live with raze just made the best case for love on the night. Although Pausanias thinks of love in more channel realistic way, it seems to be too narrow minded and flat. Pausanian Puts love in a perspective of man and women.The sexual attr serve, which we find as famish, is referred to as common love, while love as we know ground on deep attractions, going beyond the physical aspect, rather a connect coming from the someone is referred to as ethereal love. In a different direction points Diotima her argument for love. She looks at love as a desire, an innate need for achieving things. She points out bliss as a key, wether it be ones own happiness or someone that they care for happiness, its the same concept. Immortality, the desire to forever follow through something.Physically through reproduction, or mentally through learning and education. She sees everyone as a lover, anyone who takes any action in seek of immortality is a lover. In the symposium, Socrates informs the guests that he had sought out Diotima of Mantinea for her knowledge. Diotima then asks Socrates why sleep with is love of beautiful things or of loving good things. Socrates replies that Love is the desire for things to become ones own so that one will be happy. Diotima put love in the simplest for she possibly can, In a word, then love is wanting to possess the good forever (pg 52).It seems that Socrates agrees with Diotima that everyone always wants good things and happiness to be theirs forever. They explain that, in fact, everyone is a lover, but we unaccompanied call certain muckle lovers. We only seem to call a certain class of peop le lovers. This is similar to the fact that while everyone who take ins an articulary witness is an artist, even in such cases as sports, but we would only call those who create medication Artists. Similarly, Diotima sees a drive for immortality in our search for love, she says it follows from our argument that love must desire immortality (pg 54).She suggests that Alcestis and Achilles would not have died for their lovers had they not known their heroism would be immortalized. Suggesting any action we take is seeking immortality, there for love is the seeking of one peace of mind, happiness. She goes on, and decides to call a man reproducing through recognition and teachings pregnant in the mind. There are two ways men can become pregnant she explains in proboscis and mind. It is giving birth in beauty whether in body or soul, she states. Those who are pregnant in body seek out women with whom they can reproduce and create a successor.Those who are pregnant in mind such as a lover of wisdom, and by doing so one will outpouring birth to intellectual children of greater immortality than any conceived through procreation. Bringing forth not bodies, but wisdom and other virtues. While Diotima makes the case for love being the desire of immortality, and that were all lovers, Pausanias brings up an evoke way to think about Love. He explains that love can be broken down into two types, that of Common and Heavenly love. The common love, or what we would call lust, that when a man and a woman get married merely to satisfy their sexual desires.On the other hand the heavenly love, what we would label as real love which is the type that occurs when two people are attracted to each other with a strong bond that goes past(a) the sexual desire, instead comes from deep within as if from the soul. Lust or the common love was looked at in the symposium as dirty and immoral. He uses the term vulgar saying these vulgar lovers are the people who have given love such a bad reputation that some have bypast so far as to claim that taking any man as lover is in itself disgraceful. (pg 15) This was the type of love filthy with sin since all they care about is completing the sexual act. just explanations suggest that this is due to strong sexual attraction that is produced from only desiring the physical body rather the punk or soul. An example of this common love was thought to be in the younger Aphrodite born from genus Zeus and one of his many mistresses. The younger Aphrodite was believed to be a symbol of lust since Zeus did not create this child with his wife. It makes sense that out of such an affair full of lust and desire of the body that a child such as Aphrodite would be born and form a symbol of the strong lust that her parents had for each other.As there was an Aphrodite born out of lust it was also believed that another Aphrodite existed this time it was believed to be a goddess of love, the complete opposite of the lust created Aphro dite. He states but since there are actually two goddesses of that fig there are also two kinds of love. (pg 13) This other Aphrodite was born before Zeus and was most presumable the goddess that Phaedrus spoke of in his speech. The older Aphrodite was conceived through pure love therefor was labeled as the heavenly love. This is the same god that Phaedrus believes should have be praised and honored above all other gods.As Ive previously mentioned both arguments are intriguing, and are well thought out. In evaluating over all who has made a better case for their definition for love, it seems as if Diotima made a better case considering the big picture of love and found an interesting internal motive for love which is immortality. On the other hand Pausanias seems to be more focused on what does love make one do and what is the perfect picture for love. He makes the case that Love is not himself noble and worthy of praise that depends on whether the sentiments he produces in us a re themselves noble. (pg 15)

Are Mobile Phones a Health Risk? Essay

AbstractIn this account statement I aim to determine whether or non spry phones flap a jeopardy to our health. I leave explain how supple phone electrocharismatic radioactivity therapy notify be perceived as dangerous, with reference to the EM spectrum. I pull up stakes cite scientific sources of try out which support both sides of the dispute, and will come to a reasoned conclusion as to how likely it is that vigorous phones be a health run a risk. I will in any case evaluate the credibility of the sources employ to support my conclusions, and list each the sources utilised throughout in a detailed bibliography.Introduction roving phones are becoming increasingly hot in todays world with around 80 million handsets in Britain, there are now more sprightlys than people 1. Theyve become an essential part of our existence, in business, in our daily lives and in keeping in touch with our loved ones however, there is growing concern that this technology is creat e skillful health problems throughout the population, such as lasting mastermind damage and cancer. The Media consistently tends to portray mobile phones negatively, fuelling the publics fears and misgivings this study aims to determine from the scientific evidence whether or not mobile phones expose a risk to our health.Main PointsHow might officious Phones be Hazardous to our wellness? aft(prenominal) study numerous publications, I have instal that if there are concerns about how mobile phones may pose a risk to the health of their users, they can be divided into two categories The first is Electromagnetic beam of light from the phone damaging human cells and bear cancers and tumours. The second is that the EM radiation from the handset creates a alter do.What is EM ray?EM radiation is some(a)thing we are exposed to all the time TVs, radios, satellite communications, etc all use EM waves to transmit information. Light is a form of EM radiation, as are the UV rays from t he sun. The danger is that EM waves with a high frequency (UV rays, X-rays and gamma rays) are forms of ionizing radiation. This means that they have plenteous cleverness to damage cells and their DNA by stripping electrons from, or in very high muscle radiation, even break apart the nucleus of atoms 2 and as such can curtilage genetic malfunctions which can lead to cancers.What are the Possible Dangers of Mobile Phone EM irradiation?Cancer-Inducing Effects of RadiationMobile phones use microwaves in order to transmit their information, and not UV, X or gamma rays. Microwaves are not ionizing, and so are not as dangerous as the higher frequency EM waves. However, mobile phones are withal relatively new technology, and the effects of prolonged exposure to non-ionizing radiation are still unknown, as is whether prolonged exposure to the microwaves of a mobile phone handset, especially so close to the brain, will cause any serious health damage.The Heating Effect of RadiationWhen EM radiation reaches an object, the photons energy causes the molecules of the surface they collide with to vibrate, creating thermal energy and warming the surface they collide with slightly. We use this everyday with unseeable (another EM radiation) heaters etc. The concern here is that as handsets are held so close to the brain, this heating effect could warm the sensitive brain tissues, causing permanent damage. This, as well as the concerns about the peradventure cancer-inducing radiation of handsets, is thought to be more of a risk in children, who have thinner skulls and a still-developing nervous system 4.Physiological Effects of EM RadiationEffects of Low-Frequency (Non-Ionizing) EM Radiation In GeneralIt is important to remember that Mobile Phones utilise Microwave radiation, a non-ionizing form of radiation, so in my research I have also looked at the effects of low-frequency EM radiation in cosmopolitan not just in the application of mobile phone technology. I have f requently found that concern for children specifically is raised as a common fear, and in the course of my research observed an interesting study published by the Institute of Physics Publishing, which explored the effects of low-frequency electric and magnetic palm (i.e. those caused by EM radiation) on the foetus. The study concluded that the foetus was not exposed to electric and magnetic fields, though these fields were confirmed within the mothers spinal chord. 5Cancers and Brain Tumours due to Mobile Phone Radiation?The vast majority of recent publications learn that current evidence suggests that mobile phones (both the handsets and send/receiving masts) do not cause cancers or brain tumours two very recent sources, one a joint-statement from the Nordic Radiation Safety Authorities, the other a Mobile Phone Fact-Sheet published by the heath Physics Society, both agree that there is no evidence for mobile phones causing adverse health effects 6 7. However, the joint-stat ement goes on to lie with that the technology which uses radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation is still relatively new precisely two decades old and so active research must continue into finding out whether or not there are health dangers presented by radiofrequency radiation this is a view agreed upon by the World Health Organization (WHO), which state the available evidence does not point towards any change magnitude health risks attributable to mobile phone exposure, though further research and risk analysis should continue. 8This said, the statement for mobile phones causing brain tumours still persists the WHO also mentions that recent studies seem to suggest an maturationd risk of acoustic neuroma and certain brain tumours in users of analogue mobile phones for a time period grander than 10 years A point corroborated by a 14 months study conducted by Dr Vini Gautam Khurana. Khuranas study concludes that Malignant brain tumours may take several years to develop, an d the incidence of malignant brain tumours is increasing. This suggests that mobile phones may have been causing brain tumours for several years previously, but due to the organic evolution period of these tumours, the effects would just just be becoming recognizable and indeed the number of tumours is increasing. Khurana also goes on to address the point introduced by the WHO, that There is a growing and statistically significant proboscis of evidence reporting that brain tumours such as vestibular Schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) and astrocytoma are associated with heavy and prolonged mobile phone use, particularly on the same side as the preferred ear for telephony. 9 In growth to Dr Khuranas study, there are many older sources of information conjecturing about the issue but about have been either outdated or discredited since their publication.Finally, it is worth noting that the International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), one of the main bodies w ho set international non-ionising radiation safety limits, set these limits based however on the thermal effects (i.e. tissue heating) of mobile phone radiation 10, due to the fact that this is the only scientifically substantiated risk to humans from non-ionising radiation in large quantities possible risks of cancer-inducement by the low-frequency radiation are not taken into account due to a lack of internationally accepted proof.DiscussionAfter studying the scientific publications and evidence above, I am of the smell that the EM radiation of mobile phones cannot cause brain tumours or cancer because of the effects of ionizing radiation, as the microwaves emitted by mobile phones are simply alike low-frequency to have the energy required however, I do agree with the views of the NRSA 6 and the WHO 8, that as the utilisation of radiofrequency EM radiation is still a relatively new technology, it cannot fully be known at present whether or not it can still pose a health risk i n the form of causing tumours by some other factor, and so research must continue until conclusive evidence is found, I remember we should adopt a precautionary approach, minimising our use of mobile phones for extended periods of time.I think that Dr Khurana 9 raises a very interesting point about the period of time needed for tumours to develop and their increasing incidence. This seems to me a plausible explanation for the current ontogenesiss in tumour incidence however, I believe it important to acknowledge that the apparent correlation between mobile phone usage and brain tumour incidence does not necessarily represent a causal link the increase in tumour incidence comes at a time when improvements in diagnostic techniques are constantly being made, and also at a time when the worlds population is increasing dramatically, and so the incidence of tumours could be expected to besides rise.ConclusionAfter considering the scientific evidence on both sides of the dispute, Are m obile phones a Health Risk? I personally have come to the conclusion that mobile phones are unlikely to cause brain tumours or cancers because of the EM radiation emitted by either the handsets or their base stations. I believe this because, firstly, mobile phones use microwave radiation to transmit data, and microwave radiation does not have teeming energy to be ionizing it is my opinion that the media has demonised radiation in all forms by highlighting the dangers of ionizing radiation (e.g. da Gamma rays which have been proven to cause cancers) and from this the fears about mobile phone EM radiation have spawned. Secondly, I believe this as the overwhelming majority of recent studies have not found concrete evidence to suggest that mobile phones can cause tumours.As to the danger of the heating effect EM radiation from mobile phones warming sensitive brain tissues and causing lasting damage, I believe that this is much more likely to present a potential health risk of mobile phones as, firstly, the scientific theory bunghole it seems sound to me it is an established fact that colliding photons from EM waves imparts to the molecules of the surface collided with energy, which causes said molecules to vibrate and heat up, and secondly, in my opinion the fact that the ICRINP sets the international radiation safety levels based solely on this heating effect adds great weight to the plausibility of the argument that the heating effect of mobile phones could pose a health risk (although the EM emissions of mobile phones are well below these levels).Overall therefore, I believe that there is some possibility that prolonged use of mobile phones (and so prolonged exposure to the heating effect of the EM radiation) could amount to a potential health risk and could cause lasting brain damage. I agree with the recommendation of the WHO to adopt a precautionary approach to mobile phone use to only use them for extended periods of time when absolutely necessary.Eval uation of Credibility of References* 6 The Joint-statement from the NRSA one of the most recent sources available, meaning that its capability is highly likely to be up-to-date. The combined expertise of the NRSA greatly increases the sources reliability, as does the reputation of providing accurate and unprejudiced information that these authorities have to uphold. However, it could be argued that some vested interest may exist as mobile phone giants Nokia and Erikson are based in Finland and Sweden respectively, and so the authorities may have been trying to nurse their countries economies in the downturn by presenting mobile phones in a positive light.* 7 The HPS Mobile Phones Fact-sheet this factsheet is again a very recent source, and again the HPS has a lot of expertise in matters of health-related physics both of these factors increase the sources credibility considerably.* 8 The WHO although this source is quite old, which gives scope for it being outdated, the WHO is a very honored source looked to internationally for recommendations for policy etc. due to its wealth of expertise and independence. These three factors all increase its credibility, and in my view outweigh the age of the source (and in any case, the WHO would have updated its information if required).* 9 Dr Khurana PhD, FRACSs study Dr Khurana is a highly qualified individual with great expertise in the field, and furthermore include in his study a period of over 14 months of his own research, meaning that he had a great ability to see the effects of radiation on health, both of which strengthen the sources credibility.Bibliography of References* 1 Number of Mobile Phones in the UK statistic from The Daily Mail http//www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1224827/As-new-evidence-links-mobile-phones-greater-risk-tumours-using-cost-child-life.html Last Updated 3/11/09* 2The U.S. environmental Protection Agency http//www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/understand/ionize_nonionize.html Last Updated 2 2/10/09* 3 Image of EM spectrum from The Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency http//www.arpansa.gov.au/mobilephones/mobiles1.cfm1* 4 Prof Kjell Mild, of Orbero University, Sweden http//www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1565477/Mobile-phone-cancer-risk-higher-for-children.html Published 8/10/07* 5 The Institute of Physics Publishing http//www.iop.org/EJ/article/0031-9155/52/4/001/pmb7_4_001.pdf?request-id=2266623f-5097-4aa8-a71d-fa1e83b6a0fc Published 17/1/07* 6 Joint-statement from the NRSA http//www.stuk.fi/stuk/tiedotteet/fi_FI/news_578/_files/82468261251448918/ omission/Nordic_Statement-EMF161109.pdf Published 19/11/09* 7 HPS Mobile Phones Fact-Sheet http//hps.org/documents/mobiletelephonefactsheet.pdf Adopted September 2009* 8 WHO http//www.euro.who.int/HEN/Syntheses/MobilePhones/20061017_10 Last Updated 13/11/06* 9 Dr Vini Khuranas study http//www.brain-surgery.us/mobph.pdf Copyrighted to G.Khurana 2008* 10 The Human Ecological Social Economical Projec t http//www.hese-project.org/hese-uk/en/niemr/icnirp.php Accessed 13/12/09* 11 Image of Ionizing Radiation from radiation, Science and Health inc. http//www.radscihealth.org/RSH/docs/Pollycove98_Ottawa.html

Beatniks: The New Ideology of Manifest Destiny and Freedom

The 1950s were a time of revitalization. They were a time of transition for the American people. World War II had ended and heralded the reinsertion and reintegration of thousands of service protrudegrowths into society. Working women who epitomized Rosie the Riveter and passed into the hands along with their 12 million counterparts working when the US entered the war, saved the m peerlessy they earned. Prior to the end of the war, at that place was non much to spend earned income on with the exception of war bonds. afterward, however, American industry grow like never before.The buying power offered to Americans expanded, as well. Goods that were not available during the war became readily accessible. This increase the job market and stimulated the economy. Not only that, but the returning soldiers helped the US experience a population boom helping to facilitate a spike in consumerism. Veterans were starting families and were in remove of housing which the Levitt family beg an and perfected, building housing areas c totallyed Levitt-towns. People were increasingly much materialisticshopping for wants and not vertical needs. It was genuinely the Fabulous Fifties.Out of this time was born(p) a generation of seeming radicals that fought against the agreed upon normality of the times. This pulse rate Generation reimagined the ideals of Manifest circumstances and freedom because they cherished to be free to explore what was considered alienation by many but for them was artistic expressiona breaking free of conformist beliefs of the suppositious American dream of materialism and gain. The Beat Generation or Beats, as they were sometimes called was a limit coined by the author and member of this same generation Jack Kerouac during a conversation with fellow writer, seat Clellon Holmes.He clarified his phrase by saying beat meant creation socially marginalized and exhausted beat downand blessedbeatific (Mid-1950s-1960s, 2007). The term implied t heir generation was beaten down for their artistic nature and universal deviance from mainstream behavior. Beatniks were labeled law breakers, troublemakers and rebel rousers and charged with cosmos communists. In fact, in 1961 the handler of the FBI, J. Edgar Hooer claimed that the beatnik lifestyle was in the top three major threats to American society and itinerary of life. Kerouac and early(a) fo to a lower places of the generation took offense to this accusation.Their insistence was they merely wanted to be free to explore what whitethorn have been considered absurdity but actually were searching for what they felt was missing in life. They were searching for a deeper meaning. They refused to be complacent on the button because the war had ended and the world was seemingly a better place. Things were not perfect just because the economy was on the rise. The war had not solved humanitys problems and consumerism was just an empty shell for them. Therefore, this search for a higher self, took the form of experimentation.Many of the Beats were openly transvestite or bisexual and freely experimented with their sexual natures. They aligned themselves with the culture of jazz medical specialtyians and the unison they do. Jazz music followed no preordained rules. There were no wrong notes no matter how raw. The more noisy and discordant, the better and more realemotionalit sounded. The Beats raged in their literary works and poetry, sounding much like discordant peals of music echoing from the saxophone of a jazz musician, against those who would suppress them. These odourings were elegantly detailed in the semi-mad ravings of Allen Ginsbergs poetry Howl.Like Ginsberg, many wrote under the influence of drugs like Benzedrine and marijuana, experimenting with them in order to achieve a state of transcendentalism. Gregory Stephenson (2009) explains it thusly, The poet, for a visionary instant, transcends the realm of the actual into the realm of the id eal, and then, unable to sustain the vision, returns to the realm of the actual. Afterwards the poet feels exiled from the eternal, the numinous, and the super conscious. The material world, the realm of the actual, seems empty and desolate. The desolation the Beats felt was born from the feeling of being out of sorts and disconnected with a world no longer theirs. This made them howl. They howled, they cried out, they wailed and fought against a forced subjugation. And thus, refusing to be subjugated, they were ostracized. Thereby, making them howl more and inspiring the title of Ginsbergs poem. In analyzing the poem, it is clear Ginsberg wanted to pass two things. First, he wanted to exact an unmistakable and distinct delineation between those who fall under the Beatnik category and those they feel are the conformists of their time.Secondly, he made it known that this was their declaration, it was their manifesto of freedom. I precept the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical naked, dragging themselves through the negro streets at dawn looking for an angry fix, angel headed hipsters burning for the ancient heavenly connection to the sparkling dynamo in the machinery of nigh, who poverty and tatters and hollow-eyes and high sat up smoking in the supernatural darkness of cold-water flats aimless across the tops of cities contemplating jazz (1955).The material world Stephenson speaks of and the fix Ginsberg speaks of correlates to the Beats movement centered on a lifestyle of a total rejection of this mainstream idea that one and one must(prenominal) always exist two, one must always know when the right time is to settle down, what constitutes a productive member of society, a person must write and speak in formalities, have a certain religion, run what is acceptable and love who is acceptable in order to be accepted into society. They used alcohol and drugs to feel and then proceeded to write down what they felt, even if it was not in a formal order that made sense.Therefore, the academic community derided the Beats as anti-intellectual and unrefinedEstablished poets and novelists looked down upon the freewheeling forego of Beat literature (The Beat Generation, 2013). Furthermore, this freewheeling abandon applied to more than just the literature of the Beat movement, it applied to their psychical bodies, as well. American history was based on an idea of expansion, certify by a phrase coined in 1845 by editor, John OSullivan, called Manifest Destiny.Those that colonized in the newly founded America believed courageous pioneershad a divine obligation to stretch the boundaries of their noble country (Manifest Destiny, 2013). And yet in the 1950s these ideals America was founded on came to a screeching draw a blank despite the mass production and affordability of automobiles and the interconnectedness of cities by highways. People became complacent and began to settle down in Post-World War II newl y built homes in newly generated housing areas. The word of that era was conformity.The houses were all built to a certain style the yards were groomed in the same way the people behaved in a manner as what was expected of them. The idea of buying a home and being unmoving represented a large section of what the Beat Generation saw as conforming to a capitalist and consumer-based lifestyle. The Beats advocated a hobo type of lifestyle, rather than one weighed down by sensual possessions. These menwere attempting to escape what were perceived as the restrictive shackles of the nuclear family butrejected the trappings of a settled bourgeois lifestyle and were geographically mobile (McDowell, 1996).So the romanticism surrounding Jack Kerouacs autobiographical book On the pass, which spoke to those in this generation and missing to relate or infer them, also became the definition of the ideology of the Beat Generation. An ideology which said Life should be actively lived and you mu st make of it what you want, not what others tell you to want to make out of it. It was about grabbing and doing it. It was about not wanting to stay somewhere and rooting, but rather going somewhere and making your own reality (American Road, 2011).Kerouac epitomized this in his book I left with my canvas bag in which a a few(prenominal) fundamental things were packed and took off for the Pacific Ocean with the fifty dollars in my pocket. Id been poring over maps of the United States in Paterson for months, even reading books about the pioneers and savoring names like Platte and Cimarron and so on, and the road-map was one long red line called Route 6Ill just stay on 6I said to myself and confidently startedFilled with dreams of what Id do in Chicago, in Denver, and then finally in San Fran,I started hitching up the thing (Kerouac, 1957).He wondered and daydreamed about what he would do in those cities, but knew what he did not want to do. Kerouacs character, Sal, did not want to miss out on anything by becoming deadened, which is silently implied, had he joined the rat race and gotten a job. It was waste energy. He hated the thought of itThere were so many other interesting things to do and meet (Kerouac, 1957). The ideals substantiate in his book through his characters were an open and honest free love of people, an enjoyment of the experiences that were happening in the now, and a meeting of the minds of ll types and races of people. They were colorblind. And this was also new in a time when people who were different were excluded or called communists. In a time when Joseph McCarthy was initiating a Red Scare and accusing citizens of being communists and Hoovers G-Men were illegally wire-tapping politicians and regular citizens alike, people had become overly suspicious of everyone. People were anxious to show militarism and an acquiescence to conform to what was inherently American. Yet, in spite of this, Beatniks marched to their own poetry and belie fs.Ginsberg howled and Kerouac left on a holy trek to find a true inner consciousness, laden with real freedom and authentic spontaneity. Several times, Sals character considered traveling elsewhere instead of his intended destination for no other reason than to see where the roads would take him or what or who would lie in that particular direction. though most, if not all, those in this beat generation originally came from a middle class background, they rejected it as being conformists and closed minded. Conformity to them was born from fear of the political system (American Road, 2011).They were not afraid though they felt this overt obsession with conforming to an evil government and material possessions was cleansing the spirit and creativity found within. This idea was further cemented by Ginsberg statement of the best minds of his generation being destroyed. In the second part of Howl, Ginsberg continually mentions the name or entity Moloch and in the context he uses it, o ne can ascribe a negative connotation to it What sphinx of cement and aluminum bashed open their skulls and ate up their brains and imagination? Moloch Solitude Filth Ugliness Ashcans and unobtainable dollarsMoloch the heavy judger of men Moloch the incomprehensible prison Moloch the crossbone insensitive jailhouse and Congress of sorrows Moloch whose buildings are judgment Moloch the cast stone of war Moloch the stunned governments (Ginsberg, 1957) This entity Moloch no enquiry represents all the things in American society considered to be the norm, but for the Beat Generation is stifling and oppressive.cementum and aluminum were the utensils builders used to build homes like Levitt-towns and universities that inhibited free thinking and self-expression. He mentions unobtainable dollars because the pursuit of money and material possessions was a fleeting happiness. Once possessed, it is no longer desired. And everywhere they turned on that point was heavy judgment, except from their own kind. The publishing and almost instant success of Jack Kerouacs book, On the Road, as well as the publishing of other Beat writers, like Allen Ginsberg, marked the beginnings of an evolutionary change.The Beat Generation became a subculture that truly impacted America. Men and womenteenagers and young adults, were finding themselves increasingly disillusioned by a lifestyle that was centered on home and work. People were taking a page from Kerouacs life and hitting the road on a journey to find themselves and what meaning life really had for them. They were taking verses from Ginsbergs manifesto and biting detectives in the neck and shrieked with delight in policecars for committing no nuisance but their own wild cooking pederasty and intoxication (1957). Indeed, the Fabulous 50s brought with it trials and tribulations, materialism and consumerism, and in general, the earmarks of an American social way of being that is still prevalent today. But within that culture, a co unterculture was also born whose inhabitants were not satisfied with the world as it was. They were not satisfied with what the world wanted to turn them into. They wanted to march to the beat of their own drum to experience what was out there in the world and truly be liberated.Born of this desire was the Beat Generation, the forebears of the hippies of the 1960s. They advocated a freedom and liberation of minds and bodies. They wanted to be liberated of all censor. They wanted the freedom to love hard and fast, to travel at will and depopulate the idea that in order to be truly happy one had to engage in a rat race of empty labor for money and material possessions. The Beatniks reinforced and reimagined the ideals of Manifest Destiny and chose to manifest their destiny of finding the freedom to be themselves and love it despite opposition.ReferencesFilms Media Group (2011). American Road H.264. Retrieved from http//digital.film-s.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=18596&xtid=48260 Gins berg, A. (1955-1956). Howl. Collected Poems, 1947-1980. Retrieved from http//www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/179381 McDowell, L. (1996). Off the Road Alternate Views of Rebellion, Resistance and The Beats. Retrieved from http//www.jstor.org/stable/622491 Stephenson, G. (2009). dayspring Boys Essays on the Literature of the Beat Generation.