Compare and Contrast: Palace of Fine Arts and University of Virginia

Compare and Contrast: Palace of Fine Arts and University of Virginia This essay paper is a comparative analysis of two architectural constructions, the Palace of Fine Arts and the University of Virginia. The designer behind the building of the University is Thomas Jefferson. In constructing the building, Thomas Jefferson used bricks extensively, as for the periodic manner, he used Neo-Classical. On the other manus, the architectural design of the Palace was done by Bernard Maybeck. The manner that Maybeck used in building the edifice is known as Beaux-Arts. As for the stuffs, the old building was built utilizing steel constructions and plaster as it was meant to be impermanent. The edifices portion an architectural subject in that they are both inspired by Roman architecture. The aim of this research is hence to larn how two different manners interpret from the same beginning of influence. Ocular Analysis Structure One The construction of the Palace is erected on a site that has a little semisynthetic laguna. The castle has a broad arbor that measures 340 m ( 1,100 foot ) . The formation of the arbor is an arch and it has a broad paseo that is framed by Corinthian columns placed in rows. In the center of the arbor is a rotunda that is centrally placed by the laguna ( Yu n.p ) . The purpose of the laguna was to those found in classical Europe. The unreal H2O organic structure was supposed to move as a brooding surface to mirror the brilliant construction and make a bird's-eye position that would be appreciated from a distance. In constructing the Palace of Fine Arts, Maybeck’s purpose was to make the visual aspect of Roman ruins in decay. Structure Two The University’s architectural construction is a brilliant edifice that resembles the neoclassical temples of Europe. The building features a Pantheon that measures two-thirds of the graduated table ( Kostof 625 ) . The pantheon is set at the caput of a lifting promenade with interrelated columnar marquees on the wings. In its planning, the library was housed by the Rotunda while the marquees were the life quarters for lectors every bit good as talk suites. Each marquee offers an separately alone representation of the classical Roman order design ( Kostof 625 ) . Stylistic Analysis Structure One The architectural manner that the Palace was built with is an look of the architectural neoclassical manner that was taught in Paris at theEcole diethylstilbestrols Beaux-Arts. Until the twelvemonth 1968, the direction manner of Beaux-Arts went on without any major breaks ( Middleton 10 ) . In the period between the old ages 1880 and 1920, the architecture in the United States was to a great extent influenced by the architectural manner of Beaux-Arts. The period between 1860 and 1914 saw the gravity of European designers who were non-French towards the academic centres of their natural states alternatively of being fixated on Paris ( Klein, Fogle, and Wolcott 38 ) . The mainstream forms of the Imperial Roman architecture were extremely emphasized by the preparation used for Beaux-Arts. These forms ranged from the period of the first emperor Augustus to those of the Severan dynasty, Italian Renaissance every bit good as Italian and Gallic Baroque. However, the preparation was applicab le on a wider series of theoretical accounts. Architects from America who learned the manner of Beaux-Arts were more inclined towards the Greek theoretical accounts. This was because of the 19Thursdaycentury American Greek Revival which gave the theoretical accounts historical prominence locally. The Beaux-Arts manner was dependent upon sculptural ornaments that were cautiously modern. It employed the usage of Italian and Gallic Baroque every bit good as Rococo designs assorted with pragmatism and impressionistic coating. Even though there was an attack of a renew spirit embodied in the manner of Beaux-Arts as opposed to a set of motives, the architectural manner included chief features such as: a level roof, symmetricalness, arched Windowss, elusive polychromy, arched pedimented doors, rusticated base with a raised first narrative and statuaries, mosaics, wall paintings, sculptures every bit good as other graphics combined in a subject that portrays the building’s individuality ( Klein, Fogle, and Wolcott 38 ) . The style’s classical architectural inside informations include acroteria, cartouches, Garlands, pilasters, bannisters, every bit good as an outstanding show of clasps with rich inside informations, back uping consoles and brackets ( Klein, Fogle, and W olcott 38 ) . There has been controversy every bit far as the Palace in relation to the Beaux-Art manner is concerned. The Palace was loved by the people but non given acknowledgment by the designers. Maybeck’s preparation was in conformity with the Gallic academic system but it is argued that his work is non suiting of the American Beaux-Arts architect’s ideals. This is because he restrained from adding design elements from his old plants. The Palace therefore was non able to be compared to any originals of European architecture ( Yu n.p ) . However, the Palace still bears features of the Beaux-Arts manner from its rusticated base, arches every bit good as its classical architectural inside informations like sculptures, pilasters and wall paintings. Structure Two The University’s architectural manner is defined by Neo-classical architecture. The manner was born of the mid 1800s neoclassical motion ( Hopkins 199 ) . The manner came approximately both as an branch of some Late Baroque features every bit good as a response against the Rococo manner that featured realistic adornment. The signifier of the architectural manner lies in the accent of the wall as opposed to chiaroscuro. It besides sustains separate individualities to each single portion ( Hopkins 199 ) . This architectural manner is picturesque and redolent and its frame is in line with the Romantic emotional response. Rationally the sense of neo-classism was to return to renaissance classism, Greek and Roman humanistic disciplines which were perceived as pure. The neoclassical architectural manner is characterized by a expansive portico with a porch built in full tallness. To add on, the portico’s roof is supported by full classical columns that are normally fluted with capitals that are flowery Corinthian or Ionic ( Hopkins 199 ) . The manner is besides symmetrical in footings of balance ; it has a centralized entry with a balanced agreement of Windowss on its wings. The neoclassical manner characteristics subtypes that are varied in roofing manner of the portico, breadth every bit good as tallness. Portico with level and curving roofs are seldom seen. Other specifying characteristics of the manner include elegant clean lines, orderly visual aspect and monolithic edifice size. The chief signifier that the neoclassical manner is based upon is the temple ( Hopkins 199 ) . The temple represented the purest signifier of classical architecture and this was an ideal construct of the manner. In planing the construction of the university, Jefferson blended assorted architectural manners. The edifice evokes the rules of European architecture of the Gallic, Grecian and Italian influence and is blended with the Chinese touch as good ( Jefferson and The Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . The blend of architectural influences is finally cast in edifice stuffs from America and showcased in an academic community. In an attempt to intermix the classicist manner even further, Jefferson used different stuffs from different countries. For case, the 3rd Pavilion was constructed with columns made from Italy and transported under the pretense of educational stuffs to the site, whereas the columns on the first marquee were made in Charlottesville ( Howard and Straus 189 ) . Jefferson pieced together the European architectural manners on the construction and blended them to his ain liking in an attempt to do it hold a alone American visual aspect ( Jefferson and The Politicss of Architect ure n.p ) . The characteristics of the university that are characterized with the neoclassical architectural manner are chiefly the columns, the building’s portico, and particularly the temple like design of the construction which is portion of the manners ideal. Cultural ( Historical ) Context Structure One The Palace of Fine Arts was built as one of the brilliant buildings of San Francisco’s Panama Pacific International Exposition in 1915 ( Kale n.p ) . It was located towards the center of the expansive building of the expounding and it stood out as the most inspiring construction at the carnival. The Fair was in award of the Pacific Ocean’s find every bit good as the Panama Canal’s completion ( Maybeck and Elder 2 ) . There was besides an added intent to the Fair which was in jubilation of its ain rejoinder after the annihilating fire and temblor of 1906 ( The Palace of Fine Arts n.p ) . Once the site had been chosen and the basis had been developed, the Palace was the last construction to be erected. In representation of its civilization, the construction of the Palace was built to demo magnificence. This was done by puting the arch’s centre behind the rotunda to avoid their homocentric alliance in rings. Due to that, a wider arch was able to be built on t he same infinite ( Yu n.p ) . In its programs were a colonnade and a rotunda which amazed the commissioners and fulfilled Maybeck’s dream. The exhibition hall of the castle was built to house the graphicss of life creative person ( Maybeck and Elder 3 ) . Another component that shows significance to the civilization and events associated with the castle is its visual aspect. The castle looks like ruins of classical antiquities. Bing hailed as the exposition’s most reliable design, Maybeck added the elements of Roman and Greek antiquity and besides incorporated his ain creativeness to do the edifice unique ( Maybeck and Elder 5 ) . His thought was influenced by the construction was from Piranesi scratching of Roman ruin ( Yu n.p ) . His ideas were that there was a feeling of unhappiness to the edifice personalized by the sense that there is a soothing influence to beauty ( Yu n.p ) . The initial building of the castle was impermanent and non intended to last after the Fair was concluded chiefly because it was built on valuable land ( Maybeck and Elder 2 ) . With that impression in head, it was simply constructed with plaster which was supported by constructions of steel ( Yu n.p ) . The castle was nevertheless non brought down as a consequence of its influence on the people. In a saving of the civilization and influence of the castle, the destruction and rebuilding was set in gesture in 1964 ( The Palace of Fine Arts n.p ) . The columns and the rotunda were brought down and the edifice was rebuilt on a lasting footing with a steel construction merely as the initial building. The Reconstruction of the palace’s edifices was done utilizing lasting light weight concrete that was poured into topographic point. For the rotunda’s dome, steel I-beams were hoisted into topographic point ( The Palace of Fine Arts n.p ) . The sculptures and all the ornament we re freshly constructed by pouring concrete onto pre-casts of the figures so as to guarantee that the eventual consequence matched the original theoretical accounts. Structure Two Unlike the Palace of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia’s construction was non portion of a monolithic undertaking but instead a undertaking on its ain. The edifice hails as the country’s foremost province university ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . The building of the university edifice was non merely a general design but a design drawn by an architect full of the belief that the bosom of the American class lied within architecture. He considered a edifice as more than merely a wall construction but a symbol for the American political orientation ( Howard and Straus 187 ) . Jefferson besides perceived building as a procedure that was equal to making a state. Harmonizing to him, any American architecture was supposed to exemplify the split of cultural and political ties with Europe ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . He therefore went forth to put the criterions of the country’s architecture aesthetically every bit good a s politically. Jefferson hence went on to transfuse his educational and cultural ideals into the design and building of the University’s edifice. In a representation of the European culture’s influence, the visual aspect of the edifice is rather classical as a consequence of Jefferson’s influence from St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . The similitude of the Basilica and the rotunda lies in their attack. The manner that leads to the Rotunda goes down towards a shaded transition lined with columns that leads to the chief focal point of the construction. Jefferson substituted the great rock Piazza with the broad natural infinite of the lawn ( Howard and Straus 189 ) . Alternatively of a position of the Italian metropolis of Rome, the university’s visitants are given a natural impressiveness of the Blue Ridge Mountains which can be viewed to the South ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . The university uses classical vocabulary to stand for America as the heir of European architecture manner. The aggregations of manners that are incorporated on the Lawn of the university are symbolic of the New World Order by Jefferson in both an architectural and rational sense ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . In planing the edifice, the European imposts have been revised, borrowed, integrated and so redone in an American manner in footings of stuffs, gustatory sensations and demands ( Howard and Straus 189 ) . The conundrums within the architecture do non halt with the random aggregation of manners but goes beyond. It really extends onto the Lawn’s layout. Jefferson’s version of classical manners incorporates the mixture of architecture of the Italian Villa, together with Doric columns and Corinthian pediments every bit good as Chinese Latticework and Gallic curves ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . He represented them in painte d wood and the ruddy brick of Virginia and eventually put them across the Lawn’s unfastened public infinite in contrast with each other. The Lawn’s physical infinite is therefore transformed into a vision of rational Inquisition and wonder ( Howard and Straus 189 ) . In constructing the university, Jefferson speaks through classical architecture and thoughts. Each of the structure’s marquees is in ocular communicating with the other ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . This consequence presents the bookmans and pupils on the Lawn with a argument from a structural every bit good as ideological position that culminates from the designer every bit good as the architecture. Another point that is portrayed by the cultural influence of the university’s construction is apparent from the Rotunda which is symbolic of power. Unlike the Basilica, Jefferson’s version is a secular cathedral which was built in testimonial to knowledge and power with a new universe order in head. The designs done by Jefferson are bordered on the simple facets of the neoclassic manner as opposed to the elaborate decorations of the cathedral by Bramante or the swerving colonnades by Michelangelo ( Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture n.p ) . The Rotunda is non symbolic to the ruins of the Roman Empire but instead accentuates the wonder of nature touching to the synchronism adult male and nature that is at manus in the university’s architectural stuff and its pure geometrical design ( Howard and Straus 190 ) . Decision The two constructions of the castle and the university are rather alone and do non associate in several facets. The two edifices are made by different designers, have different period manners and are varied in footings of their historical events as good. However, despite all these major differences, their manners are influenced from the same beginning which is the classical Roman architecture. The differences are marked by the single thoughts and constructs of the designers designs and their intent of intermixing them with the civilization and historical events during their times of building. However, beyond the differences are cardinal elements that are synonymous with the classical Roman architecture such as the classical architectural inside informations like the pilasters, sculptures and wall paintings on the castle and the Rotunda, columns and the temple like designs of the university. Conclusively even though the constructions are variously alone, these noteworthy elements from the classical Roman architecture are declarative of the inspiration behind the edifice of the constructions and how they are able to attest otherwise. Plants Cited Hopkins, George.Making Your Architectural Manner. Pelican Publishing, 2010. Howard, Hugh, and Roger Straus.Thomas Jefferson, Architect: The Built Legacy of Our Third President. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, 2003. Print. â€Å"Jefferson and the Politicss of Architecture† . Virginia. 2015. Available at: & A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //xroads.virginia.edu/~cap/jeff/jeffarch.html & A ; gt ; Kale, Shelly. â€Å"Overview: What Was the PPIE† . PPIE 100. 2015. Available at: & A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ppie100.org/history/ & A ; gt ; Maybeck, Bernard R, and Paul Elder.Palace of Fine Arts and Lagoon: Panama-pacific International Exposition, 1915. San Francisco: P. Elder and Co, 1915. Print. Middleton, Robin.The Beaux-Arts: And Nineteenth-Century French Architecture. London: Thames and Hudson, 1982. Print. Klein, Marilyn W, David P. Fogle, and Wolcott B. Etienne.Hints to American Architecture. Washington, District of columbia: Starrhill Press, 1986. Print. Kostof, Spiro.A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Print. â€Å"The Palace of Fine Humanistic disciplines† . Exploratorium. 1998. Available at: & A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.exploratorium.edu/history/palace/index.html & A ; gt ; Yu, James. â€Å"Palace of Fine Humanistic disciplines† . UMD. 2015. Available at: & A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //digital.lib.umd.edu/worldsfairs/record? pid=umd:1006 & A ; gt ;

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Do you have a problem communicating with your staff? Do you feel you are not eliciting the best in your employees? If so, it is likely that â€Å"The Top Ten Mistakes Leaders Make,† holds the answer. The author, Dr. Hans Finzel Hans maintains that† inappropriate leadership habits often result from observing the poor leadership habits of others. † (Finzel, 2000). He uses case studies and biblical principles to illustrate the top ten mistakes most frequently made by leaders. This book will help you identify your errors and provide you with the tools to modify your style for more effective management.(Finzel, 2000). Chapter Summary The book contains ten chapters. Each chapter features a â€Å"mistake† and provides examples to show how each inappropriate leadership action can be modified to engender more effective leadership, encourage optimal production, and promote growth in the organization. (Finzel, 2000). Chapter 1, â€Å"The Top-down Attitude† is co ncerned with the number one leadership hazard. The author maintains that â€Å"The Top-down Attitude† is a militaristic model that involves egocentric, authoritarian attitudes, and that there are many other, more effective ways to lead.He cites the participatory management style as an example. (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 2, â€Å"Putting Paperwork before Peoplework. † A leader with this attitude gives the impression that people are an annoyance; he prefers to work behind closed doors and is always too busy with â€Å"paperwork† to be bothered by people. (Finzle2000). According to Finzel, (2000), â€Å"regardless of what orientation one has in leadership style–task or people–effective leaders make room for people. Leaving them out is a big, big leadership mistake. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 3, â€Å"Absence of Affirmation† is concerned with the incentives that motivate people.According to the author, (2000), affirmation motivates people muc h more than financial incentives†¦.. People thrive on praise. It does more to keep the people who work for you and with you fulfilled than fortune or fame could do. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 4, â€Å"No room for mavericks† describes how â€Å"the most creative and†¦. employees are often forced to comply with the inside-the-box thinking†¦. of the Mavericks create messes by their very nature–the good messes institutions need. † (Finzle, 2000). Without â€Å"mavericks† many companies simply fade out of existence, and many others become a shadow of what they once were.Yet today inside many corporations are leaders so focused on compliance and control, that they may control away their futures, and drive those who are innovative away to other places. (Finzle2000). â€Å"Don't allow your policies and procedures to stifle your brightest stars. Be flexible. Bend the rules, if you believe that someone needs more space. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 5, â€Å"Dictatorship in Decision-making is about the attitude of â€Å"I am the leader and I know best†¦.. According to Finzel, great leaders are those who truly feel that the led are just as important as the leader. † (Finzle, 2000).Chapter 6,†Dirty Delegation† and how it deflates enthusiasm for a project. â€Å"Leaders make this error in the name of getting things done. Relax and let go. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 7, â€Å"Communication Chaos. † â€Å"Never assume that anyone knows anything,† Finzel says. (2000). â€Å"The higher you go in leadership, the more sensitive you have to be about everything you communicate,† he says. â€Å"Every time I make a phone call or write a letter or make a decision, I have to ask, â€Å"what people are affected by this decision/letter/memo/directive? What are the linkages? † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 8, â€Å"Missing the Clues of Corporate Culture.† Very simply defined, Fi nzel points out; corporate culture is â€Å"the way we do things around here. † (Finzel, 2000). â€Å"If you miss the culture clues as a leader, you may be in for some tough times,† he says. (Finzel, 2000). â€Å"As a leader, spend some time alone and sort out your own values and beliefs. Then work it through with your leadership team and come up with a list of the values and beliefs your whole team stands for. This becomes the powerful glue that holds you together, like the individual layers in a sheet of plywood. † (Finzle, 2000). Chapter 9, â€Å"Success without Successors.† In this chapter, the author gives the real-life example of a â€Å"large church where the plan was to have the older, soon-to-retire pastor to mentor the younger chosen successor. However, two camps soon developed with those who wanted change following the younger man and the â€Å"I side with the old† people following the older man. The older pastor quit in protest and the successor was voted out of the church, leaving it leaderless. † (Finzel, 2000). The answer to the dilemma? â€Å"To end well, we must not get too wrapped up in our own indispensability. Humility is the key to finishing well and passing the torch on to our successors (Finzel, 2000).Chapter 10, â€Å"Failure to Face the Future. † According to Finzel, (2000), â€Å"A leader's concentration must not be on the past nor on the present, but on the future. If we don't make the time to plan for the future, we will be its victims. † (Finzle, 2000). The author concludes his work with ideas about changes in the general philosophy of leadership, the reminder that setting goals that will help you avoid errors in leadership. (Finzle, 2000). Critique This book is accurate in theology and doctrine, and is useful and appropriate for both spiritual and secular leadership roles.It enables the leader to identify acquired habits and potential pitfalls that lead to leadership problem s, and provides the tools to help them alter their style for more effective management. It is significant that the author suggests a concise list of such habits for leaders to dissect and change, with anecdotal examples. Dr. Finzel’s concepts can be employed in most companies and organizations. His strategies embrace a positive, ethical approach to leadership that has been noticeably absent in many corporate cultures in America in recent history.Each chapter presents some outstanding insights into how leaders fail to make the most of their people, and get results. (Finzel, 2000) Hans Finzel makes the case that poor leadership habits are often the byproduct of observing others' poor leadership habits. This book suggests a concise list of such habits for leaders to dissect and change, with anecdotal examples as well as clear action items that can be implemented tomorrow morning. (Finzel, 2000) The author also makes some very significant points about improvements that need to be made in our country’s philosophy of leadership. (2000).He states that today’s leaders: †¢ Replicate the poor leadership habits they have observed in others. †¢ Often lack basic skills for common leadership demands. †¢ Lack good models and mentoring †¢ Lack formal leadership training (Finzel, 2000) Many-books are available today, but this book is different because it delivers what it promises, and provides no-nonsense, practical advice for managers and supervisors. The author's positive and supportive attitude fosters real interaction and communication, and is a superior accolade to the relationship between leaders and those they guide. OpinionThis is a book is a priceless instrument for anyone in position of leadership. Dr. Finzel’s strategies embrace a positive, ethical approach to leadership that has been noticeably absent in America’s corporate culture in recent history About the Author Dr. Finzel is a graduate of Dallas Theologica l Seminary, and the Fuller School of Missions. He is the executive director of Conservative Baptist International, which is a mission organization. He has held that position since 1993. (Powell’s Books, 2005). Prior to beginning his job at CBI, Dr. Finzel spent ten years working in the field of leadership training in Vienna, Austria.He lives in Littleton, Colorado with his wife and their four children. (Nelson Ministry, 2000). Bibliography About the Author (2005). Powell’s Books Services [On Line]. Available from: www. powells. com/biblio? PID=719&cgi=product&isbn=0781433657. Accessed December 14, 2005. Biography of Hans Finzel (2000). Nelson Ministry Services. Available from: www. nelsonministryservices. com/nms/bio. asp? cid=190. Accessed December 14, 2005. Finzel, Hans (2000). ‘The Top Ten Mistakes Leaders Make. † Publisher: Cook Communications. Accessed December 14, 2005.

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Performance Management Through Benchmarking Simulation Essay

Performance Management Through Benchmarking Simulation - Essay Example The Nursing Administrator reasoned out that there is unavailability of equipment at the floor where the patients are being treated. She said that nurses spend most of their time looking for equipment on other floors that's why patient care is affected. Because work was getting delayed, nurses are not able to check anymore if the equipments are sanitized. Sometimes improperly cleaned equipment was used. The Materials Manager suggested purchasing enough equipment to be made available for each floor. But according to the Chief Financial Officer, Lenity annually spends much to ensure sufficient equipment and he guaranteed that there is enough for hospital requirements. He advised that nurses should instead be more careful about equipment handling. I favored the assessment of Chief Financial Officer Eric Danemar concerning proper handling of equipment. That will certainly diminish the risk of nosocomial infection. I didn't think that there is a staff or equipment shortage. The dillema of the heightening nosocomial infection rate can be resolved by efficient equipment management. I also took note of the fact that the simulation concentrates on the management of medical equipment. Although I correctly identified the root cause behind the rising nosocomial infection, upon fully understanding the... ied the root cause behind the rising nosocomial infection, upon fully understanding the details from Ian Watt's explanation, I noted that I must meticulously look on the reports to guarantee decision accuracy. ESTABLISH AIRWAY 1. Which two recommendations did you make to improve the equipment management process at LHAC Why Basing my decision on available information and advice of the staff, I decided that Nurses to Return Equipment and Equipment to be Terminal Cleaned as the best mix of processes to improve the medical management system. The combination of these two options earned the highest percentage in the JCAHO Compliance Index. With a budget constraint of $300,000, I instantly rejected the use of disposable equipment from the improvement options. Although disposable equipment is cheaper and more hygienic than reusable ones, its implementation cost is the most expensive among the process improvement options. On the other hand, concerning appropriate metrics to measure the new processes, the three metrics I selected are Total Cost of Managing Equipment, Utilization versus Cleaning Log Ratio, and Equipment Incidents Resolved. This decision was based on my understanding on the Evaluating Metrics. 2. What was the outcome Mr. Watts said that I have done well by recommending the best strategy. Re-designating some of the existing hospital personnel as Inventory Clerk was definitely a great way to ensure effective equipment management at LHAC. Suggesting terminal cleaning of equipment was also a good option. I have recommended the optimal mix of process improvement options. The Chief Operating Officer was happy with my performance in this area. The new equipment management process at LHAC has been a success. Centralized inventory has solved the problem of

Exp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exp - Essay Example Using gloves during the collection of the diphenylmethanol, 30g of crushed ice was placed in a 250mL beaker, and 3mL of concentrated HCL was then carefully added to the frozen water. The reaction mixture was then slowly poured into the acid in the fumehood very carefully so as to avoid foaming over. The solid product was collected by suction filtration, and the crystals were washed twice with 15mL of ice-cold water. The crystals were dried thoroughly to avoid recrystallisation due to hexane being immiscible with water. Once dried, the crude product was weighed, and a crude yield was calculated. 0.1 of the crude product was then placed aside for later TLC analysis. During the third stage, the crude product was recrystalised from hexane. Care was taken not to use too much solvent, and because hexane is flammable and has a low boiling point, the hot plate settings were kept below maximum in order to minimise the risk of fire. The purified diphenylmethanol was then collected, and its mass was determined once dry. The percentage recovery of the recrystallisation and the overall yield of the reaction were both calcuated. 0.1g of the recrystallised product was kept aside for later TLC analysis. The melting point of the recrystallised material was now able to be determined at some point, or else during the next stage. For the TLC analysis, solutions were prepared of benzophenone, crude diphenylmethanol, and recrystallised diphenylmethanol, by dissolving 0.1g of solid in 1 ml of dichloromethane. It was recommended to use vials instead of test tubes for this purpose. The eluant for developing the TLC was 1 mL of ethyl acetate dissolved in 5 mL of ligroin, and 12mL of this eluant was required. The TLC was spotted with the three solutions and the plate developed. The spots were then circled under the UV lamp, and the Rf values were

Nationalistic Design in Practice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nationalistic Design in Practice - Assignment Example In this way, the above products all represent some form or fashion of American ideology and majority belief. The Campbell’s soup retains the traditional labeling that has defined the product for so long as a staple of American life. Likewise, the brand’s labeling holds true t the use of Red and White – both colors of the American flag. Secondly, the Ford F-250 is also a quintessentially American product that hearkens back to the days in which a vast frontier stretched before would-be settlers (Ford 1). Reminiscent of the Conestoga wagons, the massive truck is the epitome of American oversize and excess. Lastly, the Dickies brand of work clothes invokes the idea that America is still a country of industrial producing workers (Dickies 1). Although this is far from the truth, the brand continues to evoke such ideas with its careful use of Red, White, and Blue along with the inclusion of a horse shoe in the logo. With regards to three products that are noticeably non-nationalistic in origin, this analysis has chosen to examine Pepperidge Farm’s Pirouettes, Ford’s Fiesta, and American Apparel’s European-themed product offerings. Due to the fact that each of these products draws on inspiration from the other side of the Atlantic, the amount of nationalist influence on the products is limited if not non-existent. Firstly, the Pepperidge Farm product does not even bear a comparable name in English. It is marketed as a French creation even though it is made and distributed by an American bakery (Pepperidge Farm 1). Secondly, the Ford Fiesta has recently had a major face-life and redesign from its earlier days as a very boring and non descript econo-box (Ford 2). As such, the designers have drawn on inspiration from Ford’s European division to design a product offering for the American market that draws heavily on European

Sexual orientation and the Environment Essay Example for Free

Sexual orientation and the Environment Essay Psychology in everyday life second edition is a great book with lots of great information. But I find myself disagreeing with you on chapter four Environment and Sexual Orientation. I think that environmental factors have a lot to do with sexual orientation. You asked four questions: is homosexuality linked with problems in a child’s relationship with parents, does homosexuality involve a fear or hatred of people of the other gender, is sexual origination linked with levels of sex hormones, and as children were many homosexuals victimized? I think that all of those things including your environment can be a deciding factor in your sexual orientation. Sexual orientation is an enduring sexual attraction towards members of either our own or other sex. I think your environment plays one of the biggest roles in your sexual ordination because your environment influences the thing that you do. As a child you’re very young and impressionable it’s just like monkey see, monkey do. Our parents affect our relationships because our parents are the first relationship we see and as a child everything we see our parents do we mimic. There for If we grow up around a same sex relationship and you are used to seeing that in your everyday situation that is what you are use to and you may feel like that’s the way you want to live your life. So from what you saw as a child made you choose to be in a same sex relationship. I also think that the kind of relationships that you have with your parents also affects our sexuality. The relationship with your parents is one of the most influence relationships that you have in your life so it can very much have a positive or a negative effect on you. For example you growing up having a bad relationship with your dad may leave the impression that all men are dogs. That may cause you to drift away from the opposite sex. A male could have a horrible relationship with his mother leaving a bad impression of woman causing him to have ell feelings towards women because he never experienced a good relationship with his mom. I think there are a lot of different factors in some one big attracted to the same sex. Also someone being victimize as a child can cause them to be homosexual I don’t think that is the cause for every on but I do think it played a factor in some peoples lifestyle choice. Would that be the cause for everyone no not at all but it would be for some. Like genetic influences for example, shared sexual orientation is higher among identical twins than among fraternal twins. There are also brain differences for example gay men’s hypothalamus reacts as do straight women’s to the smell of sex-related hormones. Also the mother’s immune system may play a role in the development of sexual orientation. Another interesting fact is that men who have older brothers are somewhat more likely to be gay about one third more likely for each additional older brother. Altered prenatal hormones exposure may lead to homosexuality in humans and other animals. Also right handed men with several older biological brothers are more likely to be gay, possibly due to a maternal immune system reaction. Homosexuality does appear to run in families homosexual men have more homosexual relatives on their mother’s side than on their father’s as you can see yes there are a lot of different things that can go into someone becoming gay. But my opinion that I think your environment plays the biggest role as it does for anyone else. Your environment shapes and moles you as a person. It might not be the deciding factor to what makes you gay, but I think it plays a big role. In the situation . So based on these findings I would have to disagree with you I very much do believe that your environment plays a huge role in your sexual orientation. I would like to think you for your time, and I think that chapter four has brought some very good insight and I have learned a lot. You made some very valet point’s thank you again for your insight.

Ways Ecommerce May Increase Customer Service Levels Commerce Essay

Ways Ecommerce May Increase Customer Service Levels Commerce Essay Introduction: In now days where the level of technology is increased after each minute; it is very difficult to run large business like that of HASM Company with traditional approach only. In order to success in the market place and global competition, you need to have an online approach. The level of customer services will of course increase more and more by having an e-commerce service. The following are some reason why the introduction of e-commerce service might affect the level of customer services provided: Range of customers can get services at the time: Instead of providing services to customers one after another in traditional approach and leaving others waiting on the cue for services; using e-commerce is different, many customers may get services at the time. This is possible because in the e-commerce mode of service providing, many activities are done by automatic systems. There fore, there is a great benefit to have an e-commerce service as a mode of business. Its very easy to make follow up on the service provided: If the customer made purchase via e-commerce, that customer is automatically inserted in the companys customer database. There fore, the company will know its customers details along with their contact and addresses. For that reason, it will be easy to make follow up to the services provided by the company and make sure the client get the order in time. This will increase the customer satisfaction and products improvement. Its also builds an effective relationship between customers and the company. Customers will get services from anywhere and anytime: E-commerce service is available worldwide 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and 52 weeks a year. For that benefit customers may make purchases at anywhere and anytime they need to purchase. However this is not possible through traditional approach where service is provided by limited time. This makes the level of customer service to be higher only by having an e-commerce service. Customers will look after themselves: In e-commerce service, many activities that are done by customer service argents in traditional mode of business are done by customers themselves. In traditional mode of business, customer service argents are doing every thing needed in order the purchase to occur. But it is different to the e-commerce services where so many activities are done by customers themselves. For example, there is a software called auto responder which may be used by the company for responding to many routine customer queries; always this software is installed to the company telephones in which many routine customer questions and their related answers are inserted; there fore, when customers dial for asking questions, their questions may be answered by this system; only technical rare questions may be answered by customer service argents. Easier for customer to place order: Using an e-commerce customer may easier keep their order, just going to the site, choosing the products that he/she deeds and place an order for those products. Customer can easily order what they want at any time. Potential Advantages and disadvantages of e-commerce to customers Advantages: Customers will cut many costs, in e-commerce costs are cut down from customers. For example, there will be no transport cost to follow up on their order since theyll purchase and the company will make sure they product are delivered to them, therefore theyll avoid parking costs while visiting to each shop, they wont be any intermediaries and at all when using e-commerce service. Customers will save plant of time and money for not visiting the stores physically: Before making purchase of course customers will need to do some researches about the products they want to buy which this can be done from anywhere could be at home, office anyplace that the client feels is appropriate to do so. In traditional mode of business, this is the hardest stage which doesnt give the customers alternative at all. But it is different with e-commerce where customers may do their research many times as the please go through different exciting shops within few minutes without having to go there physically. The will no closure at any time: Because e-commerce business is available 24 hours a day and every day, there is no closure of business. There fore, customers may buy products at anytime that appropriate for them. E-commerce provides the service need all the time. Customers satisfaction is well considered: In e-commerce business, there is a customer database in which all customers who bought products at the company they previous recorded are and their contact and addresses details are kept, however this details will be use to sending them promotions. This leads to customer satisfaction and a royal relationship between the company and its client. Payment method this is done online/ bank transfers: This helps customers to avoid the serious problem of money lost during the journey of visiting shops with cash on hand, which in traditional approach its must cash or credit cards on hand whatever you pay visit to the store. With e-commerce it give them an easy and safe alternative Instead of visiting with money or they credit cards, e-commerce enables customers to pay online/ through their bank accounts or electronic money transfer. Disadvantages of e-commerce to customers: It is difficult for potential customers to believe the order delivering process: For potential customer is difficult to tell him/her about the order delivering process and trust it. Customers may ask themselves many questions, like, how safe my order will arrive; the order I had kept is the exactly one I will get; and other related questions. There is range of threats to e-commerce business: This is also a serious problem in e-commerce business. There are many threats which make customer fear about the safety of this mode of business. Some times customer money may be stolen by hackers; some times customer important details may be stolen or lost along the way. There fore, customer may feel this is no safe mode of transaction. E-commerce service is for literate people only: Of course to use e-commerce customers need to know how to read and write and also to use computer literacy especially in Microsoft Internet Explorer. There fore, for illiterate customers it is difficult to use this service. Language difference: Because e-commerce customers are from different nations, the language difference problem must occur. For example, the web page may be designed for English language; it will be difficult for people who do not know English to buy products they need. How to counter E-Commerce Problems There should be good security policies in order to ensure that there is safety to both customers and the company. The customer service team should be very careful on processing order and delivering them. The web designers should keep a languages options for customers, which contains all international languages, this will enable customer to visit the site by his/her national language. The site should be designed in simple programming language which helps non computers to access the site. Guidance for e-commerce websites: The e-commerce regulations does your website comply: They are three web tools for building better website for less, These three tools will help them find free graphics, instantly, discover an available domain name and create a members-only website to generate their income. More business marketing tips to guide the customers on finding their where about on what they need on e-commerce service. TASK 5 MARKETING PLANNING FOR HASM COMPANY Introduction: Many business conducted using traditional approach are retarding. This is because range of customers buys their products and other needs online. In addition the costs required to conduct such business are very high. For that reason many business now are conducted through online approach because the costs of operating it are lower and it is profitable. In addition customers are now shifted to an electronic plat form business. If the HASM Company introduces an e-commerce mode of business, it will grow faster, and be on higher position compare to the other market competitors, and also it will increase its profits more and more. However, it will be easy to monitor the business operation activities. Therefore I recommend that the HASM Company introduce an e-commerce site for its business. Marketing Planning for e-commerce takes about 6 key activities that when addressed very well the business will be more successful and meet its expectation level. The key activities are as follow: SITUATION ANALYSIS: Here we need to identify the current environment of the business and the future environment of the business. For that manner we need to look at the following key factors for situation analysis: Demand analysis: Here we analyze the demand of the business the site and projected customers. This is done by the answers of the following questions: What is the percentage of customer business have access through the internet? What is the percentage of member of the buying unit in these business have access to the internet? What is the percentage of customers are prepared to buy product online? What percentage of customers with the access to the internet are not prepared to purchase online, but they are influenced by web-based to buy offline? What are the barriers to the adoption amongst customers and can we encourage them to adopt it? Competitor analysis: Here we analyze the e-business services or products offered by your competitors and adopted by their customers. In order to success on this, the HSM Company should review on, well-known local competitors, well-known international competitors, and new internet companies locally and world wide. Therefore from these competitors you need to review the products offered and the customers adoptions. Look for those products offered by these competitors and with high customer adoption. Keep those products if they havent done it. Intermediary analysis: Here we analyze whether our competitors have any special sponsorship arrangements and micro-site created with intermediaries? The other aspect for situation analysis for intermediaries is the way in which the marketplace is operated. And to what extent do competitors are using disintermediation and reinter mediation? OBJECTIVE SETTING: After analyzing the situation, we now set our objectives. Our objectives will affect the almost all the other following activities i.e. strategies, tactics, actions, and control. Therefore, we should very careful on objectives setting. There are many objectives used in objective setting, but the best approach for HASM is SMART approach which stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-constrained. However, the objective set by HASM should follow that approach effectively. It should set objectives which are specific, easy to be measured, which are achievable, realistic and should be specified for that period time. STRATEGY: This is the next step in marketing planning where the company set its ways in which the objectives set will be achieved. In setting the strategies, we will look at the following important areas: Market and Product positioning: The site offers the opportunity for HASM to change its products or modifying them. In this stage the company set the marketing position to them self and also their products to sell. This case was first stated by Ansoff (1957). He developed four options for positioning the business: market penetration, market development, product development, and diversification. Market penetration is the selling of existing product but in new market; market development means selling existing products into existing market; product development means selling new products into existing market; and diversification means selling different products to a new market. Therefore, for the HASM goals, the best approach is market penetration approach. Target market strategies: Here there is evaluation and selection of appropriate segments and appropriate offers. In this step we choose the segment of customers to provide services to and we select the appropriate offers to offer them. The products to sell depends on the segment we selected. For example, if the HASM Company selected the young customers, the products that it should offer are modern products, digital and of higher quality. TACTICS: These are the ways in which the strategies planned will be achieved and implemented. Here we shall look at 4Ps of Products, Price, Place, and Promotion. And other 3 Ps of People, Process, and Physical evidence. After looking at these factors we should also look PESTEL factors which we shall discuss them letter. Products: Here we select the quality of products we need to offer. The quality of those products should focus to the segment we had positioned ourselves in. For example, if we select young customers we should sell the modern audio equipments and of higher quality. Price: Here we set the price of the products we shall offer. The price will be set according to the costs we use and the level of profit we need. For example, if we sell high quality products the price should be higher to exceed all costs. Place: Here we choose the place to offer our products. But because we use e-commerce our products will be sold globally. Promotion (communication): After selecting the segment and products to sell, we should communicate our site to those we have selected to be our customers. Therefore, the site will be promoted to those targeted customers. The site will be promoted using online media and offline media. Online media include mobile phones, internet, e-mails, TVs, etc. and offline media are newspapers, signboards, radios, and journals, etc. ACTIONS: These are activities done by managers to execute the plan. When specifying actions you need to ask yourself the following questions: What level of investment in the internet channel to deliver the expected services? What will be the payback? What training of staff is required? What new responsibilities are required for effective internet marketing? Are changes in organizational structure required? What activities are involved in creating and maintaining the web site? CONTROL: The control process can combine both online and traditional approach. For example, we can conduct marketing research to obtain customers views about the web site and also we can use online analysis of web-server log files that uses technology to monitor whether objectives are achieved. Use of Information Gathered from Visitors for Marketing Activities The company will get information from visitors through different ways, for example, customer may send e-mail to the company to explain queries of the site; company may get information through the marketing researches which tells how many people visited the site, how many were bought, how many asked, how many left without appreciating, and why? These sources of information will be used by marketers for marketing activities. TASK 6 SECURITY POLICY TO AN E-COMMERCE SITE Introduction: The biggest problem in e-commerces known? It is the issue about security which makes this mode of business to be like theft to the eyes of those who have low knowledge about e-commerce. Many potential customers remain on cross road about this mode of business when they think about the safety of this business. The following are three keys that are highly important part to an e-commerce business: Authentication Access control Data integrity Authentication: Authentication this is the part of security policy which helps merchant to identify whether who claims to be the customer is true or thief. Also helps customer to identify whether who claims to be merchant is true or theft. Possible threat that may occur: For example, when this part of the security policy is not adequate addressed; a person may pretend as customer and may steal transaction or credit card details might from merchant. On the other hand a person may pretend as a merchant and steals transaction details from the customer. But by the presence of this security policy, this theft might be stopped. Access control: Access control is the one among the security policies which disable those who are not authority to access a certain data. This is done normally by keeping passwords to those data which are known only by people who are authority to access them. Possible threat that may occur: For example, a person who has no authority to access certain data may access them and causes the dangerous thing to the business development. It doesnt matter if this person is inside or outside the company. For example, the data from an accountant do not required to be shared by anyone else who is not involve at that particular department in the company. On the other hand some marketing data do not required to be known by competitors. Therefore, when there is security on accessing the data the safety of this information will be maintained. Data integrity: This is the software which checks whether the message sent is complete, i.e. not corrupted. Sometimes messages come to the company inbox are incomplete, therefore, this security part may identify such errors on the messages. Possible threat that may occur: When the message sent is incomplete or corrupted causes the user of that message to record the data which is incomplete or incorrect. For example, when these data are information from customers for keeping their orders; the receiver may receive the incomplete data and record them hopping that customers sent only that of he/she has been received. The hard problem come while customer receives the order and sees is incomplete. Then the problem comes between customer and company, and if this problem is adequately addressed, it may break the company image and the relationship with their client. TASK 7 WAYS OF MEASURING BENEFITS OF AN E-COMMERCE SITE To be able to know whether your e-commerce site is profitable to your business or not you need to have some ways of measuring the benefits. Nothing can be monitored without having any measurement success or development of it, and also e-commerce has its ways of measuring its development. The following are five different ways of measuring the benefits of e-commerce site that were presented by Chaffey (2000): Measuring business contribution: This measures the contribution of the site in terms of revenue, new market penetrations, cost and profitability. Revenues measured here are direct and indirect revenues. Also here we measure how the site contributes on the category penetration and how far the company has been expanded. However, we also measure cost and profitability of the site; therefore, we analyze the cost used to manage business under e-commerce and also the profit gained as the result of e-commerce. Measuring marketing outcomes: Here we measure what e-commerce site leads to the business; the sales volume after having an e-commerce site; the service contacts; and conversion and contribution efficiencies. Therefore, we will look at what e-commerce lead to our business whether positive or negative out come. Also we check the level of sales if it has increased or decreased. The level of customer services is higher or degrades. And also we will look at what conversion had brought as a result of e-commerce. Measuring Customer satisfaction: Here we measure site usability, performance, and contact strategies. Therefore, under this circumstance of measurement the site benefits. We shall also measure how many customers use our site (frequently or rarely); the performance of our business since weve introduces our site; and also we shall measure the contact strategies of the site. Measuring Customer behavior: When customer visits to our site we can note contents he/she accesses, at which time, and for how long stays to the site? And also we will examine whether he/she is satisfied or not, for example he/she buy or keep an order? Measuring the site promotion: Here we measure attraction efficiency, referrer efficiency, cost of acquisition and reach. By this method we shall know how the site helps on attracting new potential customers; also we measure the referrer efficiency, referrer is the site that visitor previously visited before following a link; also we will measure the cost that we had used to acquire the site and reach our targeted customers. The most Appropriate Way to be used by HASM in Measuring Benefits of E-Commerce The most appropriate ways in measuring the benefits of e-commerce for HASM are Business Contribution Measure and Customer satisfaction measure. The combination of these two measurements is most appropriate to HASM because: Business contribution measures the site earnings which is why they exist. Business contribution also measures the contribution of the site on expansion of the business Business contribution also measures the cost used and profit gained which tell us whether the site is profitable or not. Customer satisfaction measures the degree of the site in satisfying customer, because we exist by satisfying our customers. And these two ways measure all measurement to all 5 ways of measuring the benefits of e-commerce. Conclusion

Attack by Siegfried Sassoon; Anthem for Doomed Youth by Wilfred :: English Literature

Attack by Siegfried Sassoon; Anthem for Doomed Youth by Wilfred Owen; Belfast Confetti by Ciaran Carson; No More Hiroshima's by James Kirkup Compare and contrast the attitudes to conflict shown in three or four of these poems, pointing out how the poets use language to explore their ideas and emotions. Two of the poems listed above, attack and anthem for doomed youth are to do with things that happened during world war 1. Both Wilfrid Owen and Siegfried Sassoon were involved with this war, fighting for their country. The poems that they wrote about the war told of their experiences and in attack some of the terrible things Sassoon saw and was made to do. Anthem for doomed youth is more about what happened to the people at home and what they had to go through when they realised their men weren't coming home. I think that the authors of these poems wrote about the war because they wanted people to realise that war wasn't a good thing, all it brought about was pain, suffering and it killed a lot of people unnecessarily. Belfast Confetti is written about the troubles in Northern Ireland. In it the poet Ciaran Carson describes his route through the troubled streets. the poem talks of home-made bombs, firing guns and other missiles. It mentions some of the street names that he goes through all of which are the names of battles in various wars. When reading the poem you imagine that it should be said very fast almost imitating the gun shots spoken about by the author. The last poem I'll be writing about is No More Hiroshima's by James Kirkup. This poem is all about what remains of the city of Hiroshima after an atomic bomb was dropped on it at the end of world war 2. Kirkup describes his first impressions of Hiroshima as he passes through and other things he saw there that made him upset. I think that he decided to write this poem because what he saw affected him greatly and in some way he was almost angry when he saw some of the inhabitants attempts at trying to once again reconstruct a normal life for themselves. The bomb itself which was the first atomic bomb ever to be used in warfare was dropped on August 6th 1945. Over 130, 000 people were killed or severely injured by the bomb and its after effects. This means that Kirkup had nothing at all to do with Hiroshima itself as the bomb was dropped before his time. Also he wasn't Japanese. The first poem that I have decided to write about in full is attack by

Ethics and Community in Aristotle :: Philosophy Essays

Ethics and Community in Aristotle ABSTRACT: I show that Aristotle’s ethics is determined by his notion of communities which are in turn determined by hundreds of themes in his Topics-sameness and difference, part and whole, better than, etc. These are tools for all dialectical investigations into being and action (viz. Top. I.11 104b2) for they secure definitions and get at essences of things or their aspects. Reflecting structures of being and good, they allow Aristotle to arrive at objective reality and good. Being tools for all investigations into being and values, we are not free to reject them, nor can we have any discourse or claim to reality or good. I show how permutating the combination of these topics allows for subsequent ‘sub-communities’ which are common to some. I offer an Aristotelian explanation for the origin of these topics and conclude that ethics is determined by communities, which in turn are determined by education. Aristotle's ethics is determined by his notion of communities which are determined by hundreds of topics in his Topics—sameness and difference, part and whole, better than, etc.. The topics are tools for all dialectical investigations into being and action (viz. I.11 104b2) for they secure definitions and get at essences of things or their aspects. Reflecting structures of being and good, the topics can get at objective reality and good. Being tools for all investigations, we are not free to reject them or we cannot have any discourse or claim to reality or good. I show how permutating the combination of these topics allow for subsequent 'sub-communities' which are common to some. I offer an Aristotelian explanation for the origin of these topics and conclude that ethics is determined by communities, which in turn are determined by education. The Topics seeks to discover a method by which we reason(1) from generally accepted opinions (endox_n) about any problem (100a18-19, 100a30-b18)—i.e., dialectical reasoning. By "generally accepted opinions,"Aristotle means the kind of "opinion held by everyone or by the majority or by the wise—either all of the wise or the majority or the most famous of them—and which is not paradoxical; for one would accept the opinion of the wise, if it is not opposed to the views of the majority" (104a8-13). Since Aristotle contrasts dialectical reasoning with demonstrative reasoning which proceeds from true and primary premises (100a27-28) and are supported by the "things themselves," it seems easy to suppose that dialectic cannot get us to objective first principles.

Repaying Kindness Essay

There is a saying that goes like this-‘Be kind to unkind people – they need it the most’. I for one believed it to be utter nonsense.for me it was ‘one for one’s self’. Ever since is remember i was passed from one foster home to another,never really belonging anywhere†¦nothing was black or white in my life. every thing was decorated in different shades of grey. As soon as I was old enough I packed everything and rushed out to face the world on my own.but something good came out from my earlier misery. The little ten year old I’m proud to call my sister. For me she was everthing. All the work I did,all the trouble I went through was for her. Never taking help from others because I alone wanted to be everything she needed. But when she got diagnosed with cancer ,I knew I would not be enough.but I was still too proud to cry out for help. I’ve already learned that crying out for help goes unanswered. But by some miracle ,this time a kindness from god ,without me even asking ,was granted in the form of a man; my employee. Mr. Ilhum ,my employer was a jolly fat man with a beer belly. Although he was almost fifty,his only child was an eight year old boy. His wife died at childbirth.it was really a sad case .from what I heard,they had been trying for a child for over 8 years.one week after Susane , my sister was diagnosed, he quite accidently found out the doctor’s report . to say he was shocked would be quite an inderstatement.from then on he took over and had susane admitted .money was of no concern to him. When I once asked why he was doing it he said,every one deservers to live their life .according to him he wasn’t doing as any us favours but he was doing something any m,an would do. Yeah right. I am pretty sure there is no one else as crazy as him. Still I wasn’t about to question his sanity,after all , he was saving my sister. Due to susane’s cancer being caught at an early stage, the treatments were able to make her better and in no time,he was back to her old life. Every thing was fine again,but at the back of my mind,the question always remained; how do I ever repay such a kindness?After about a month or so the answer soon came to me when I saw the fire dancing around his house. I was working in the outside garage when I heard shouts .but was got to me the most was the cry of a child. It was filled wit such terror that it send shivers down my spine.forgetting all about my work I rushed towards the  house, I was consumed with horror. What a sight! The two storey white house was no longer a happy picture,but a flaming ball of fire. What was worse was that all the people standing around and trying to put off the fire could see the little boy crying hysterically from the second window,but no one went to help him. Forget about repaying any kindness,all that was going throughmy mind was his crying face. After that everything was hazy due to the huge amount of adreline rushing throught me.but I do remember seeing the relief on the child’s face when I scooped him in my arms. As soon as I got out, the firemen rushed at me wit wet blankets and put me in a stretcher. Mr.Ilhum was standing next to my,with his hands on another stretcher ,tears running freely from his eyes. It was then that I registered that the little boy was his. As the morphine started working it was hard to stay awake,but I do remember the words â€Å" that was one heck of a way to repay a kindness,now I owe you one.†

5 Year High School

Daniel Kim 12-5-11 Honors English, period 5 High school essay Educators have been recently debating whether or not to extend the four years of high school to five years. They have argued that students need the extra year to have more time to achieve all that is expected of them. Yet, others have argued that the percentage of high school dropouts would increase, because the students would lose interest in their education, and will eventually drop out of high school. Considering all the pros and cons, such as economics, student voice, and curricular plan, sustaining the school year duration of four years would be the most sufficient choice. High schools do have a limited amount of money that is accessible to them. Most schools already struggle to keep the required four years of education in their system. Adding another year would devastate many schools in the United States of America. High schools would have to make major decisions to cut funds in categories such as sports, materials, and hours in a school day. Not to mention that having another whole class of roughly 300 students would require more staff, consequently costing the district more money. Students should have a part in making the decision to either keep the current four-year curriculum, or to extend it to five years. If school boards do decide to extend the duration of high schools without the opinions of high school students themselves, students surely would not just sit quietly about the decision. Four years is plenty of time to achieve what students need to learn in high school. Instead of looking at the decision to increase the duration of high school, educators should be looking at how to increase the efficiency of education throughout the four years of high school. Although adding a whole year of high school would allow teachers more room to teach what they are required to teach, it can also disrupt the smooth flow of education that is being handed to us already. Students who already entered college would be behind a year of education. Educators argued that colleges would like to see high school students develop more in a longer period of time, but having five years of high school would shorten the numbers of students in each class, and when it comes to their senior year, the population would be extremely low. Reviewing the cons of adding another school year to high school, it is clear that educators should not intervene with the current four-year duration of high school. Educators must look at this decision in different perspectives, such as the views of students, because this decision could result in one of the biggest mistakes in education.

The Virgin Group

Sam Yates-Smith Student ID: 000292201 CASE STUDY 6 THE VIRGIN GROUP 1. The corporate rationale of the Virgin group is to re-ignite static industries, with fresh ideas and developments, thus offering the consumer differentiation. Diversification is an extremely important attribute of Virgins rationale. Their SBU’s improve Virgin’s scope and therefore its existing markets and products. Virgin uses the ideology of ‘the corporate parent’ to add structure and guidance to its various business units, which in turn adds value due to the effective, disciplined approach that the rationale provides. . There are certain strategic relationships between businesses within the Virgin portfolio, these lie in ‘economies of scope’. This term refers to the notion that the Virgin groups have synergy amongst its SBU’s, therefore utilizing free standing tangible and intangible resources in order to fully comprehend and fulfill a particular new environment or m arket. This adds value to a new market whilst ensuring resources are not wasted. An example within Virgin would be their research into the global oil market and the search for greener fuels for its airlines. 3. Virgin as a corporate parent adds value to its group via the collective ambition and ideology which is ascertained via the strength of the Virgin brand. One aspect of Virgins Corporate parenting is the ideology of ‘envisioning’. Virgin provides ‘strategic intent’ by laying certain ideologies for its SBU’s to follow. This provides discipline and strong methodologies for the units to adhere too. Another element of ‘value adding’ via Virgins parenthood can be explained using the BCG matrix. The Virgin group’s portfolio shows high market share and strong growth within their markets. These positive denotations enable management to visualize the potential of concurrent markets and ensure growth is fully realized. 4. ‘’The greatest threat that the Virgin brand may become associated with failure’’ (Johnson et al, 2009). This signifies one of the issues facing the Virgin group. The larger the Virgin portfolio gets, the more issues they will face regarding the density of their diversification and therefore ensuring consumers are not undermined and loyalty is retained. Another issue is that of waning portfolio and growth which is susceptible to ‘slowing down’. Recognition of ‘Stars’ (BCG) turning into ‘Dogs’ is extremely important to ensure the correct visualization is atoned for and that growth is relative to the portfolio’s strength as a whole and not allowed to become complacent, leading to surplus resources and market share. 1

Analysis of the boy in the stripped pyjamas

The boy In the striped pajamas. The movie Is about the life o Bruno a little German boy. N of one of the most Important Nazis in the second world war and how he lives next to a concentration, one day he finds the fence and in the other side of it is a boy with a pajamas, Bruno starts getting curious about this boy and he discovers that the name of the boy is Samuel, they start a friendship without even knowing that if someone discover their friendship there would be problems for Samuel. When you are a little kid you do not Judge people and you see the good In everyone, Bruno did not know that he must not talk to he people In the other side of the fence , he didn't have that Ideas that grown people had.The movie shows the innocence of a child and the mistakes grown people do. Q: How do you relate to a character/event /idea/setting in this text? Give your personal opinion of this character and reflect on why you think this: I children are the most honest people because they don't have ideas that adult people have, that is what I like about Bruno his innocence and how he just wanted to help Samuel despite his position, Bruno Is a loyal friend and makes everything to be with Samuel n example of It is in one of the last scenes when he grabs the hand of his friend before getting into the gas chamber.He died with his friend and he didn't know he wasn't supposed to be there, that his father was one of the reasons that the fences where there. People lost everything in this places, but children where the more affected because the lost their innocence and I hope I never related to this kind of stories. Q: Explain in detail what how and why this text teaches you something about yourself/collect/human nature/our world (historical or present day). What do you think is the writer's ‘director's purpose?Humans are cruel and they don't see what they do, but they are not born like this society teach them that, that is what the movie teach me about humanity, society tells wh at is right and what is wrong but when you are a kid you don't have this ideas and you just live without worries, Bruno show us this, even though his father was one of the mans elders he didn't understand. Adults can Influence In kids we can see this in Brunt's sister, she stop laying with dolls and being a girl and started putting posters of heeler and having pro Nazis ideas thanks to the things she saw and she lived. Word Count: Apron 300) Q. Why do you recommend this text? (Add more detail to your answers to Sq 1-3/ink to your experience and knowledge of the wider world in an insightful way by looking texts you have read and/or viewed) This movie reminds of the book the diary of Anne frank one of the most famous books in history, The diary of Anne Frank tells the story f a girl living in a hidden place with their family and more people, they lived like this for 2 years trying to hide from the Nazis in Amsterdam.Both of this stories talk about the second world war and both of them are narrate by 2 kids in the progress of growing up, both of them are in danger because of the Nazis. Anne is in danger because they are looking for her and her family, Bruno was in danger because he lived with them and they could invade his mind with that kind of ideas. I recommend this movie to all the ones that want to see a friendship movie.

Burma Religion (Burma) Essay

Since the Myanmar ancient times, there has been full freedom of worship for followers of Burma religions in Myanmar. So many different religions can be practiced in Myanmar. Buddhism is practiced by almost 90 percent of Myanmar religion Burma’s population, with the Myanmar Theravada Buddhism School being the most prevalent. It has a firm hold in Myanmar’s culture along with an observance of animism, or the worship of ancestors (nat). In Myanmar culture, there are many Myanmar festivals and celebrations held that correlate with nat. Nat also has influence on the practice of Myanmar traditional medicine in Myanmar religion Burma. There are other religions in Myanmar, but they are not as widespread as Buddhism and animism. Some of the beliefs found include Christianity (Baptists) in Myanmar hill areas and Muslims. Christianity is practiced by 5.5 percent of Burmese Myanmar, Islam by 3.8 percent Hinduism by 0.5 percent and Animism by 0.2 percent before respectively in Myanm ar. Myanmar is a predominantly Theravada Buddhist country. Buddhism reached Myanmar around the beginning of the Christian era, mingling with Hinduism (also imported from India) and indigenous animism in Myanmar. The Pyu and Mon kingdoms of the first millennium were Buddhist, but the early Burmese Myanmar peoples were animists. According to Myanmar religion Burma traditional history, Myanmar King Anawrahta of Bagan adopted Buddhism in 1056 and went to war with the Mon kingdom of Thaton in the south of Myanmar country in order to obtain the Buddhist Canon and learned Myanmar monks in Myanmar religion history. The religious Myanmar tradition created at this time, and which continues to the present day in Myanmar, is a syncretalist mix of what might be termed ‘pure’ Buddhism (of the Sri Lankan or Theravada school) with deep-rooted elements of the original animism or nat-worship and even strands of Hinduism and the Mahayana tradition of northern India. Islam reached Myanmar at approximately the same time, but never gained a foothold outside the geographically isolated seaboard running from modern Bangladesh southwards to the delta of the Ayeyarwady (modern Rakhine, known previously to the British as Arakan, and an independent kingdom until the eighteenth century) Myanmar. The colonial period saw a huge influx of Muslim (and Hindu) Indians into Yangon and other Myanmar  cities, and the majority of Yangon’s many mosques and temples owe their origins to these immigrants. Christianity was brought to Myanmar by European missionaries in the 19th century. It made little if any headway among Myanmar Buddhists, but has been widely adopted by non-Buddhists such as the Karen and Kachin in Myanmar. The Chinese contribution to Myanmar’s religious mix has been slight, but several traditional Myanmar Chinese temples were established in Yangon and other Myanmar large cities in the nineteenth century when large-scale Chinese migration was encouraged by the British. Since approximately 1990 this migration has resumed in huge numbers, but the modern Chinese immigrants seem to have little interest in Myanmar religion Burma. Some more isolated indigenous peoples in the more inaccessible parts of Myanmar country still follow traditional animism. The Roman Catholic Church, Myanmar Baptist Convention and the Assemblies of God of Myanmar are the largest Christian denominations in Myanmar. There are no totally reliable demographic statistics form Myanmar, but the following is one estimate of the religious composition of Myanmar country: Buddhists: 87% Animists: 5% Christians: 4.5% Muslims: 4% Hindus: 1.5% Burma Arts Jamie Therese Jainar The culture of Myanmar has been heavily influenced by Buddhism. More recently, British imperialism has influenced aspects of Burmese culture, such as language and education. More recently, British imperialism has influenced aspects of Burmese culture, such as language and education. Its neighbors, particularly India, China, and Thailand, have made major contributions to Myanmar culture. In more  recent times, British colonial rule and westernisation have influenced aspects of Burmese culture, including language and education. Historically, Burmese art and literature was based on Buddhist or Hindu cosmology and myths. In addition to the traditional arts are silk weaving, pottery, tapestry making, gemstone engraving, and gold leaf making. Temple architecture is typically of brick and stucco, and pagodas are often covered with layers of gold leaf while monasteries tend to be built of wood. Although court culture has been extinguished, popular street-level culture is vibrant and thriving. Drama is the mainstay of this culture, and just about any celebration is a good excuse for a pwe (show). Performances may recount Buddhist legends, or be more light-hearted entertainments involving slapstick comedy, dance, ensemble singing or giant puppets. Myanmar music is an integral part of a pwe; it originates from Thai and emphasizes rhythm and melody. Instruments are predominantly percussive and include drums, boat-shaped harps, gongs and bamboo flutes. The toys of Myanmar are not only for the children but also famous in the world, known as the Marionettes (or) Puppets of Myanmar. It’s a combination of Myanmar Art and Culture, together to show the inner expressions of the Myanmar people. A. The Prehistoric Period – c. 1100 BC to 200 BC The Pre historic Period in Burma is known from a limited number of excavations that were carried out in selected rock shelters, caves and other sites along the middle course of the Irrawaddy River. Since Burma even today is sparsely populated, it would not be surprising to find that early cultures in Burma developed in isolation. However, the artifacts uncovered in these digs resemble those in other parts of Southeast Asia indicating that there was meaningful contact over wide areas at a very early date, and the arts in Burma were not isolated even at this early time. This pattern of intra-area contact continued into the later historical periods. Since there are no written records for this early period, we know little about religious practice. However, since the artifacts that have been discovered conform to those used in small-scale societies for animist rituals, it might be presupposed that these early societies practiced a type of Animism. Therefore, Animism, and artifacts associated with its practice, will be discussed as a bridge between this most remote period and contemporary  animist art forms. B. The Pre-Pagan Period – Mon and Pyu Urbanism – c. 2nd BC – 8 AD During the Pre-Pagan Period there is ample evidence that the lowland peoples in Burma adopted ideas from India as indicated by a few standing structures, numerous excavated foundations, and a wide array of artifacts. These materials were produced for worship in Animism and Hinduism as well as Mahayanna and Theravada Buddhism. The first cities appear throughout central Burma and were directly dependent on extensive irrigation systems. Thus begins the parmountcy of the central region of Burma that continues until the present. The cities occur in well-planned forms that are a combination of indigenous and Indian concepts. Within these cities, the first buildings in non-perishable materials were constructed. These brick and mortar buildings were all used for religious purposes whereas secular buildings, even palaces, continued to be made of perishable materials until the modern era. This dichotomy between the type of material used for construction and the use of the building generally continued through all later developmental periods. Also, at this time, a particular interest develops for two types of religious structures – the Buddhist stupa and the Buddhist temple. Brick foundations of what were most probably the first monasteries are dated to this period. Although the number of images from the Pre-Pagan Period is limited, the diversity of styles and subject matter is generally broader than in later periods. The Mon and Pyu languages are written using alphabets and concepts adopted from India. A Burmese calendar was later created that begins with the fall of the Pyu dynasty in 836 AD. C. The Pagan Period – 11th to 13th centuries Classic forms emerged during the Pagan Period for many aspects of Burmese culture, including the economic, political, religious, social, and artistic. These forms were the models used by later Burmese dynasties to create new but related forms, often through slightly modifing their content. Classic architectural forms emerged as embodied in the Shwezigon Stupa and the Ananda Temple that were repeatedly copied by later donors. The styles of sculpture from the Pagan Period were also periodically revived. Theravada Buddhism became the preferred faith and thereafter remained the predominant Burmese religion. The first examples of figurative painting occur on temple walls and employ the Pala style of India and Nepal. Although Pagan ceased  to be the political capital of Burma in the 13th century, the city continued to be a respected religious center and many later monarchs returned to Pagan to endow new foundations or refurbish old ones. D. The Post Pagan Period -14th to 20th centuries After the decline of Pagan, Burma fragmented into a number of small kingdoms that looked back to Pagan for validation and for artistic inspiration. None of these kingdoms rivaled the earlier period in art and architectural accomplishments and all can be seen as â€Å"Pagan writ small†. Pagan buildings were proudly copied, but often with significant modifications. The stupa became the most favored religious building and temples were rarely built. Wooden monasteries constructed on a raised wooden platform largely replaced the brick and stucco monasteries of Pagan. A number of Burmese styles arose, particularly in sculpture, as a result of fewer contacts with India due to the Muslim invasions there and the Muslim destruction of Buddhist religious sites. Burmese styles of painting develop and in the nineteenth century borrow pictorial devices from the West. The Mandalay Style that arose during the latter half of the Post Pagan Period became dominant in central Burma and has continued until the present as the preferred style in Burmese art.

To study the relations between satisfying and dissatisfying factors Research Proposal

To study the relations between satisfying and dissatisfying factors affecting workers' productivity - Research Proposal Example †¢ Identification of satisfying factors that improve the productivity of workforce. †¢ Studying the influence of environment on the nature of factors influencing productivity. †¢ Study of the traditional methods for productivity improvement. †¢ Formulation of a productivity improvement strategy that simultaneously focuses on lessening the dissatisfaction and improving the satisfaction among workers. †¢ Judgment of the validity of the Herzberg’s theory of motivation through results of the strategy. Justification: Productivity is one of the most cardinal concerns in the state of the art business practices. The progress of any organization depends upon the speed of work. Workers’ motivation plays a decisive role in boosting the speed of work because they work at the grass root level. Their productivity is essential for the company’s progress to comply with the schedule. Companies that surpass the deadline make the owners incur great financia l losses. Liquidated damages absorb the profit margin that not only decreases the profitability of business, but also serves as a potential discouragement for the owners. Therefore, workers’ productivity is the key factor that needs to be concentrated upon in order to increase the profitability of a business. ... Various theories of motivation have been proposed, each highlighting a specific aspect of motivation. One such theory is the Herzberg’s motivational theory that emphasizes that workers can only be motivated for work if managers take measures to both satisfy them and remove the factors that dissatisfy them. Such theories are readily being relied upon by both researchers and practitioners. There is a need to check the validity of these theories. This research will check the validity and practical usability of the Herzberg’s theory of motivation by devising a strategy based on it that would focus on improving workers’ motivation for work, and hence their productivity. The research will be very useful for researchers and philosophers that tend to base their proceedings on the Herzberg’s theory of motivation. If the strategic model of productivity enhancement devised in this research brings out positive results, it would not only justify the usability of the He rzberg’ motivation theory, but would also provide the owners with a well developed strategic model of productivity improvement. Review of the literature Various factors influencing the productivity of individuals in the context of work can be success, job satisfaction, desire for money, team work and recognition (Management Study Guide, 2011). Productivity is directly influenced by an individual’s level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the job. Job satisfaction is controlled by the employees’ satisfaction with such factors as salary, leave, medical facilities and insurance etc. Various theories of motivation like Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Alderfer’s ERG theory and the Herzberg motivational theory commonly stress upon a need to address workers’ concerns on these factors so that their